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鸦片战争后,地质学这门19世纪新兴的科学通过多种途径传入中国。甲午战争后,近代地质学教科书成为地质学知识传播的主要载体。本文以商务印书馆《最新中学教科书·地质学》(1905年)为例,考察晚清英美地质学教科书的引进情况。通过与赖康忒(Joseph Le Conte,1823~1901年)原著《地质学概要》(A Compend of Geology)初版、修订版的对比研究,指出中文本翻译底本为1898年修订版。分析中文本对原著的增删,探讨其语言特点与译者对术语的处理方式。在分析该书以及同时代其他教科书的同时,尝试梳理地质学在晚清传播的过程,进而探讨地质学传入与晚清时代背景之关系。
After the Opium War, geology, an emerging science of the 19th century, was introduced to China through various channels. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, textbooks of modern geology became the main carrier of knowledge dissemination in geology. This article takes the commercial press “latest middle school textbook geology” (1905) as an example to examine the introduction of English and American geology textbooks in late Qing Dynasty. By comparing with the first edition and the revised edition of the original A Compend of Geology by Joseph Le Conte (1823-1901), it is pointed out that the translation of the Chinese text is the 1898 revised edition. The author analyzes the additions and deletions of Chinese texts to the original texts and discusses their linguistic features and translators’ treatment of terminology. While analyzing the book and other textbooks at the same time, try to sort out the process of geology spread in the late Qing Dynasty, and then explore the relationship between the introduction of geology and the background of the late Qing Dynasty.