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应用CFD数值方法和多孔介质模型研究了平地型铀尾矿库中坝体滩面植被分布对尾矿砂大气迁移的影响。对尾矿库滩面不同结构形式植被的防护效果进行对比分析,寻求一种较为有效的植被分布方式,以解决尾矿库运行期间干滩扬尘造成的严重辐射性污染问题。分析了在铀尾矿库滩面4种植被分布形式下10μm细尾矿砂大气扩散的质量浓度分布和沉降规律。结果表明:当尾矿库放置方向垂直于常年主导风向(来流方向)时,下风向覆盖1/4植被时其周围区域尾矿砂颗粒质量浓度最大,尾矿库下风向一定区域后质量浓度变为最小,其防护效果最好,上风向覆盖1/4植被时次之,上下风向均覆盖1/8植被时防护效果最差;尾矿库放置方向平行于来流方向时的抑尘效果较垂直放置的抑尘效果好。
The CFD numerical method and porous media model were used to study the influence of vegetation distribution on the surface of tailings sand in the planar uranium tailings dam. The contrastive analysis of the protective effects of vegetation with different structures on the beach surface of tailings ponds is carried out to find a more effective way of vegetation distribution to solve the serious radioactive pollution caused by the dust of dry beach during the operation of tailings ponds. The mass concentration distribution and settlement rule of atmospheric diffusion of 10μm fine tailings under the distribution of 4 vegetation types on the beach surface of uranium tailing pond were analyzed. The results show that the particle concentration of tailing sand in the surrounding area is the largest when the tailings are deposited in the direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction (incoming flow direction) Is the smallest, the protective effect is the best, when the wind direction covers 1/4 vegetation, followed by 1 / 8th vegetation in the up and down wind direction, the protective effect is the worst; the dust suppression effect when the tailings pond is placed parallel to the direction of the incoming flow Vertical dust suppression effect is good.