七十年代的世界经济遇到了石油危机、通货不稳、国际紧张等许多问题,在大动荡中转入了低速增长的时代.在这种环境下,钢铁、化学、汽车等现有产业的增长率也大幅度下降,从而使它们在八十年代将面临着更激烈的挑战.先进国之间的竞争已相当激烈,再加上发展中国家的追赶,先进国与发展中国家之间争夺市场的斗争也将激化.在发展中国家中,新兴工业国正在从劳动密集色彩较浓的纤维等轻工业向重工业化发展.虽然他们在资金和技术转移等方面受到限制,重工业化未必能按预定计划完成,但他们有政府作后盾,又有廉价劳动力等武器,无疑会对先进国构成相当威胁. In the great turmoil, the world economy of the 1970s encountered many problems, such as the oil crisis, unstable currencies and international tensions, and entered a period of slow growth. In this environment, the growth of existing industries such as steel, chemicals and automobiles The rates also dropped drastically so that they will face even more intense challenges in the 1980s. The competition among advanced countries has become quite fierce. Coupled with the catching-up of developing countries and the battle between advanced and developing countries for the market Fighting will intensify as well, with emerging industrialized nations developing from heavy industry-intensive fibers and light industries to heavy industry in developing countries, although they may not be able to complete their planned programs due to limited funding and technology transfer Their backing by the government and the cheap labor force will undoubtedly pose a considerable threat to the advanced countries.