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为减小高效平板集热器件边框对吸热板的遮光损失,建立了平板型集热器件平均有效吸热面积系数的计算模型。利用此模型对平均有效面积系数随板间距、倾角、纬度的变化进行了详细分析。结果表明,平均有效面积系数随板间距的增大而减小,冬季最明显;倾角小于15°或大于75°对集热器件平均有效面积系数均不利。为便于应用,给出了季均和年均有效面积系数不小于0.90的临界板间距。鉴于对流热损失较小的合理板间距为4～6cm,拟推荐北纬20°、30°、40°、50°使用的平板集热器件最大板间距分别约为5.5、5.0、4.5、4.0cm,相应年均有效面积系数均大于0.90。在设计过程中,可参照该文研究结果,尽量达到对流热损失最小化。
In order to reduce the shading loss of the heat-absorbing panel by the frame of the heat-efficient flat heat-collecting device, a calculation model of the average effective heat-absorbing area coefficient of the flat heat-collecting device is established. The model was used to analyze the change of average effective area coefficient with the variation of slab spacing, inclination and latitude. The results show that the average effective area coefficient decreases with the increase of the plate spacing, which is the most obvious in winter. When the dip angle is less than 15 ° or greater than 75 °, the average effective area coefficient of the collector is unfavorable. For the convenience of application, the critical plate spacings of not less than 0.90 in average annual effective area and average annual effective area are given. In view of the reasonable heat loss of convection, the reasonable plate spacing is 4 ~ 6cm, it is proposed that the maximum plate spacing of plate heat collecting devices used at 20 °, 30 °, 40 ° and 50 ° north latitude are respectively about 5.5, 5.5, 4.0 and 4.0 cm, The corresponding average annual effective area coefficient is greater than 0.90. In the design process, we can refer to the results of this paper to minimize convective heat loss.