论文部分内容阅读
胫骨平台骨折是膝关节常见急性创伤之一，目前关于其分型和治疗的研究广泛，微创治疗已经成为胫骨平台骨折的研究热点和主流方向。根据300余例胫骨平台骨折的微创治疗结果，提出核心负重区的概念，即膝关节在运动常态下，如步行和中等强度跑步，胫骨平台的负重区域。对1名男性健康志愿者进行膝关节薄层CT扫描，进行三维有限元建模。结果显示，在行走状态下载荷为体重的2倍，胫骨内、外侧平台核心负重区面积分别为389mmn 2和363 mmn 2，分别占内、外侧胫骨平台总面积的33.2%和42.9%；在中等强度跑步状态下载荷为体重的4倍，胫骨内、外侧平台的核心负重区面积分别为418 mmn 2和406 mmn 2，分别占内、外侧胫骨平台总面积的35.6%和48.0%。据此，将胫骨平台骨折分为核心负重区骨折和非核心负重区骨折，两种类型骨折的治疗策略有着显著区别：对于核心负重区骨折，复位要求更高，因骨折累及越靠近核心区，越力求解剖复位；相反，对于非核心负重区，则可以适当放宽复位要求，甚至在部分病例，如单纯撕脱骨折、边缘型骨折、部分胫骨平台Hoffa骨折，可采取保守治疗。总之，在临床诊疗中，骨科医生应重点评估核心负重区的骨折，有针对性的选择复位和固定方法，有的放矢，推动胫骨平台骨折的治疗更加精准化、微创化、个体化。n “,”Tibial plateau fracture is a common acute trauma of the knee joint. At present, there are many studies on its classification and treatment, and minimally invasive treatment has become a research hotspot and mainstream direction of tibial plateau fracture. We summarized the clinical results of minimally invasive treatment of more than 300 cases of tibial plateau fractures, and proposed the concept of core weight-bearing area on tibial plateau, that is, the core weight-bearing area of the tibial plateau of the knee joint under normal motion statuswhile walking and moderate-intensity running. We performed thinsection CT scanning of the knee joint in a male volunteer for three-dimension finite element modeling.The results showed that during the walking state (the load was twice that of gravity), the core weight-bearing area of the medial and lateral plateaus was 389 mmn 2 and 363 mmn 2, accounting for 33.2% and 42.9% of tibial plateau, respectively;during the moderate-intensity running state (the load was four times that of gravity), the core weight-bearing area of the medial and lateral plateaus was 418 mmn 2 and 406 mmn 2, accounting for 35.6% and 48.0%of tibial plateau, respectively. Accordingly, tibial plateau fractures are supposed to be divided into core weight-bearing fracture and non-core weight-bearing fracture, and there are significant differences in the treatment ofthese twokinds of fractures: reduction is more demanding for core weight-bearing fracture,and the fracture involves the core area closely, the anatomical reduction is sought; for non-core weight-bearing area, the reduction requirements can be appropriately low demanded, and even in some cases , for example simple avulsion fracture, marginal fracture, some tibial plateau Hoffa fractures,can be treated conservatively. In summary, during clinical diagnosis and treatmentpractice, orthopedic surgeons should take the core weight-bearing area fracture as the core of diagnosis and treatment, strictly evaluate the extent of fracture involvement, select targeted internal fixation materials, and target to promote more accurate, minimally invasive, and individualized treatment of tibial plateau fractures.n