农田水利因其本身具有公益性与公共性,因而其制度设计就必须是基于“责任”的“平衡机制”。要鉴定责任与平衡农田水利中各方利益,必须依赖具有强大的统筹能力的乡村组三级组织。当前农田水利的困境在于,制度上,平衡机制被不断打破;组织上,统筹能力被不断瓦解。农田水利所遭遇的相互加剧的制度困境和组织困境,使其不断陷入失序,甚至接近崩溃的状态。 Due to its own public welfare and public nature, farmland water conservancy must be based on the “balance mechanism” of “responsibility ”. To identify the responsibility and balance the interests of all parties involved in farmland water conservancy, we must rely on the three rural village organizations with strong co-ordination capabilities. At present, the predicament of farmland water conservancy lies in the fact that the institutional and balancing mechanisms are constantly being broken; the organizational and overall planning capabilities are constantly being disrupted. The aggravated institutional dilemmas and organizational difficulties encountered by farmland irrigation and water conservancy make it continually fall into disorder or even collapse.