1长输油气管道的特点长输油气管道是压力管道的一种。它由各种站、场、干线线路工程及其附属设施等组成的一个庞大而复杂的动力系统。1)由于它的输量大、距离远,通常采用大口径高压力管输送,与其他管网如公用管道、工业管道等有很大差别。如前苏联友谊管道最大管径西1220mm,南、北干线长分别为5500km和4412km,输油能力超过1×10~8t/a。国内的输油管道如兰州一成都一重庆输油管道最大管径φ508mm,干线总长1250km,输油能力5×10。t/a。国外输气管道最大管径φ1420mm,最大工作压力15MPa,国内的西气东输管道干线总长超过3900km,管径φ1016mm,设计压力10MPa,设计输气能力可达 A long-term characteristics of oil and gas pipe Long-term oil and gas pipelines is a pressure pipeline. It consists of a variety of station, field, trunk line works and its ancillary facilities, a large and complex power system. 1) Because of its large capacity and long distance, it is usually transported by large diameter and high pressure pipe, which is quite different from other pipe networks such as utility pipes and industrial pipes. For example, the maximum diameter of the Friendship Pipeline of the former Soviet Union was 1220 mm west. The length of the south and north trunk lines were 5500 km and 4412 km respectively, and the oil transmission capacity exceeded 1 × 10 ~ 8 t / a. The domestic pipeline such as Lanzhou, Chengdu, Chongqing, a maximum diameter of oil pipe φ508mm, trunk total length of 1250km, oil capacity of 5 × 10. t / a. The maximum diameter of foreign gas pipeline φ1420mm, the maximum working pressure of 15MPa, the total length of the main trunk of the West-East Gas Pipeline over 3900km, diameter φ1016mm, design pressure 10MPa, the design of gas transmission capacity up