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离子交换树脂是一种高分子的聚合物,现已用于水处理、药物提纯、水力冶金等方面,也渐渐用在医疗上。一、阳离子交换树脂减少体内的钠人体内约含有60%的液体,其中三分之二存在于细胞内,三分之一在细胞外,细胞外体液的渗透决定于钠盐的浓度,当肾脏机能失调时,排钠量减少,细胞外体液增加而引起水肿,因此肾脏病患者往往禁食盐碱,这容易引起病者厌食,如用离子交换树脂将体内过多的钠除去,也能达到治疗目的。通常用以治疗水肿的离子交换树脂有氢型、铵型、钾型或混合型。最早应用的是氢型,其交换结果析出多量氢离子,能引起酸中毒,所以现在已不常用,应用较广的是混合型。现以铵钾混合型树脂在肠道的变化图解如下:
Ion exchange resin is a polymer, is now used in water treatment, drug purification, hydraulic metallurgy, etc., but also gradually used in medicine. First, the cation exchange resin to reduce the body of sodium in the body contains about 60% of the liquid, two-thirds of which exist in the cell, one third of the extracellular, extracellular fluid permeability depends on the concentration of sodium, when the kidneys Disorders, the reduction of sodium excretion, extracellular fluid caused by increased edema, so patients with renal disease often fasting saline, which easily lead to anorexia patients, such as using ion exchange resin to remove too much sodium in the body, but also to achieve treatment purpose. Ion exchange resins commonly used to treat edema are hydrogen, ammonium, potassium, or mixed. The earliest application of hydrogen type, the exchange result of the precipitation of large amounts of hydrogen ions, can cause acidosis, it is now less commonly used, the more widely used is mixed. Now ammonium-potassium mixed resin changes in the intestine as follows: