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通过多孔氧化铝模板交流电沉积的方法制备了镍纳米线,以其为导电填料,聚羧酸减水剂为分散剂,首次制备了新型的自感知镍纳米线/水泥基复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射显微测试方法,研究了镍纳米线与镍纳米线水泥基复合材料的显微结构,与此同时,用四电极伏安法,研究了镍纳米线水泥基复合材料的渗流阈值与压敏性。研究结果显示:所得的镍纳米线直径约为65nm,长径比约为50;聚羧酸型减水剂能有效提高镍纳米线的分散性;水泥基复合材料的电阻率随镍纳米线的掺量增加呈现渗流特性,渗流阈值为0.5 vol%;掺加1.0 vol%镍纳米线的水泥基复合材料的应变灵敏度系数高达509.2,远高于电阻应变片的2,适用于混凝土结构应力监测的传感元件。
Nickel nanowires were prepared by alternating current electrodeposition of porous alumina templates. A novel self-sensing nickel nanowire / cement-based composite was prepared for the first time by using it as a conductive filler and a polycarboxylate water reducer as a dispersant. The microstructures of nickel nanowires and nickel nanowires cementitious composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). At the same time, by means of four-electrode voltammetry, Percolation Threshold and Pressure Sensitivity of Cement Based Composites. The results show that: the diameter of the obtained nickel nanowires is about 65nm and the aspect ratio is about 50; the polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can effectively improve the dispersibility of the nickel nanowires; the resistivity of the cementitious composites increases with the increase of the nickel nanowire The seepage flow rate increases with the increase of the volume fraction, and the seepage threshold is 0.5 vol%. The strain sensitivity coefficient of cement-based composites doped with 1.0 vol% Ni nanowires is as high as 509.2 which is much higher than that of the strain gage 2 and is suitable for stress monitoring of concrete structures Sensing element.