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2005年以来,云和县早熟梨售价大幅回落,生产效益下滑,生产单位对梨园管理投入逐年降低,粗放管理现象突出,梨果单位面积产量低、品质下降。调查表明,早熟梨园生产管理最大的费用是人员工资和肥料支出,绝大部分果园没有能力进行自动化、机械化投入,大部分早熟梨园工人生产管理面积过大、生产管理不到位。同时,偏低的工资收入影响了工人果园管护的主动性、积极性,梨园雇工日趋困难。笔者认为,控制早熟梨生产成本作用较明显的措施包括加大基础设施投入,提高生产经营水平,使用频振式杀虫灯和生草栽培技术等。
Since 2005, the price of early maturing pear in Yunhe County has dropped sharply, the production efficiency has been declining, and the input of production units to the management of pear gardens has been decreasing year by year. The extensive management phenomenon is prominent. The output per unit area of pear fruits is low and the quality is declining. The survey shows that the most costly management of premature pear orchards is staff salary and fertilizer expenses. Most of the orchards have no ability to carry out automation and mechanization inputs. Most of the pears orchards are overstated in production and management, and their production management is not in place. In the meantime, the low salary income has affected the initiative and enthusiasm of the workers in orchard management, and the employment of staff in the pear park has become increasingly difficult. The author believes that the control premature pear production costs more obvious measures include increasing investment in infrastructure, improve production and management level, the use of frequency vibration type of insecticidal lamps and grass cultivation techniques.