一、绪言日本国有铁路车辆所用的木材折合为粗制品每年约45,000米~3,其中大约有27,000-30,000米~3用于货车上。在货车中多数是用作敞车地板。敞车地板经常曝露在大自然界中,所以腐蚀严重。根据调查,货车作甲检修理时,由于腐蚀需要更换的地板数达45-50％。载货的性质,也是缩短木材使用寿命的原因。为了消除这些原因,通常采取以下两个方法:1.木材的强度随树种的不同而有差异,所以尽量选择强度较大的树种; I. INTRODUCTION The wood used in Japan’s state-owned railway vehicles is equivalent to roughly 45,000 to 3 crude products per year, of which about 27,000 to 30,000 are used on trucks. Most of the trucks are used as gondola car. Gondolas often exposed to nature in the floor, so serious corrosion. According to the survey, when the van for inspection, due to corrosion need to replace the number of floors up to 45-50%. The nature of the load, but also shorten the life of wood reasons. In order to eliminate these reasons, usually take the following two methods: 1. The strength of wood vary with species, so try to choose more powerful species;