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宪法是国家的根本大法,其规定公民最为基本的权利与义务。在宪法视域下,分析其中所规定或者包含的三项公民基本权利有平等正义、住有所居和迁徙自由,并且宪法中对于财产权的内涵也作了清晰的界定。这些理论与界定为宅基地与农房能否抵押提供参考和依据。通过分析两者之上设定的财产权异同,结合宪法规定的有关权利,如果法律彻底放开宅基地与农房的抵押限制,会出现与公民宪法权利相悖的法律后果。然后得出,宅基地使用权、农房的完全所有权应当按照严格程序进入市场,而宅基地所有权不应进入市场的结论,希望为国家试点与推行提供理论上的解释与借鉴。
The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country, which stipulates the most basic rights and obligations of citizens. From the perspective of the constitution, this article analyzes the three basic rights of citizens stipulated or contained therein, including equality and justice, residence and freedom of movement, and clearly defines the connotation of property rights in the Constitution. These theories and definition as homestead and farmhouse can provide a reference and basis for mortgage. By analyzing the similarities and differences between the two property rights and combining the relevant rights stipulated in the Constitution, legal consequences that contradict the constitutional rights of citizens may arise if the laws completely release the mortgage restrictions on homesteads and farmhouses. And then come to the conclusion that the right to use homestead, the complete ownership of farmhouses should enter the market according to strict procedures, and the ownership of homestead should not enter the market, hoping to provide theoretical explanations and lessons for the national pilot and implementation.