数学的特点之一是它具有高度的抽象性。而小学生的思维正处在由具体形象思维为主逐步过渡到以抽象的逻辑思维为主的阶段,即使到高年级,他们的抽象思维仍不够发展,在很大程度上还依赖于原有的表象作为其认识的基础。儿童的认识规律,一般可概括为“动作、感知→表象→概念→概念系统”,是一个从具体到抽象、从特殊到一般、从感性到理性的认识过程,这也说明他们的认识不只是从直观开始,而首先是 One of the characteristics of mathematics is its high degree of abstraction. The thinking of primary school students is in the stage of transition from the concrete image thinking to the abstract logical thinking. Even in the senior grades, their abstract thinking is still insufficiently developed and largely depends on the original Representation as the basis of their understanding. The law of children's cognition can generally be summed up as “movement, perception → appearance → concept → conceptual system”, which is a process from concrete to abstract, from special to common, from perceptual to rational, which shows that their cognition is not limited to Beginning intuitively, and above all