引言言语行为理论是由英国语言哲学家奥斯汀(Austin)首先提出来的,后来奥斯汀的学生塞尔(Searle)又对此作了修正、完善。简单地说,言语行为就是以言行事行为。言语行为分为叙事行为、施事行为、成事行为三种。其中最重要、最有研究价值的是施事行为,它也是历来研究者最为关注的中心。施事行为又可以细分为指令行为、断言行为、承诺行为、表态行为、宣告行为等。这里的指令言语行为是 Introduction Speech act theory was first proposed by the English philosopher Austin. Later, Austin student Searle revised and improved it. To put it simply, speech acts are acts of speech and deed. Speech act is divided into narrative behavior, acting behavior, acting behavior three. Among them, the most important and the most researchworthy one is the act of doing things. It is also the center of the most concern of the researchers. The act of conduct can be subdivided into orders, acts of assertion, acts of commitment, statements of position, acts of declaration, etc. The verbal act of instruction here is