The Hartree-Fock and DFT/B3LYP methods have been employed to investigate the electronic structures of l-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation (EMIM+), BF-4 , PF-6, EMIM+-BF-4, and EMIM+-PF6-using the Gaussian-94 soft-package at 6-31+G(d,p) basis set level for hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, and fluorine atoms. Comparison of the electronic structures of the lowest energy of EMIM+-BF4- and EMIM+-PF6- pairs, and single EMIM+, BF-4 and PF-6 showed that the optimized EMIM+-BF-4 and EMIM+-PF-6 pair conformers were BF-4 and PF-6 outside the 5-ring plane between the ethyl group and the methyl group. The cohesion of C-H…F hydrogen bond between cation and anion is reinforced by charge assistance. The interaction energy between EMIM+ and PF-6 is 328.8 kJ/mol at the B3LYP level and 326.6 kj/mol at the Hartree-Fock level, whereas that between EMIM+ and BFJ is 353.5 kj/mol at the B3LYP level and 350.5 kj/mol at the Hartree-Fock level. The low energy interactions caused by bulky asymmetric EMIM+, and charge dispersion of cation and anion give rise to the low melting point of ionic liquid EMIM+-BF-4 and EMIM+-PF-6. The two hydrogen bonding models of single hydrogen bond formation, and the hydrogen transfer between C2 in EMIM+ and F in BF-4 or PF-6 were principally depicted.