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【目的】对9个果蔗品种(系)进行遗传多样性分析并构建其DNA指纹图谱,为果蔗品种鉴定和分子育种等提供理论依据。【方法】利用21个SSR分子标记和毛细管电泳技术对来自4个省份的9个果蔗品种(系)进行遗传多样性分析,应用NTSYS-pc 2.11计算供试材料间遗传相似系数,并运用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,同时构建其DNA指纹图谱。【结果】21对SSR引物共扩增出204条带,多态性比例为75.99%,每对引物可扩增出4~31条带,平均为9.71条。其中,17对引物含有9个果蔗品种(系)的44个特征位点,仅有5对引物鉴别能力最强,单个引物即可将其完全区分开。选择多态性高、鉴别力强且含有品种(系)特征位点的3对引物(SMC36BUQ、SMC597CS和SMC851MS)构建了9份果蔗品种(系)基于44个位点的DNA指纹图谱。9份果蔗材料的遗传相似系数为0.62~0.90,平均为0.77。UPGMA聚类结果显示,9个果蔗材料可分为三大类群,且与材料来源地无直接关系。【结论】9个果蔗品种(系)间的遗传基础差异较小,亲缘关系较近,遗传多样性并不丰富,在育种中应加大果蔗亲本遗传背景的差异,提高其遗传多样性。
【Objective】 The genetic diversity of 9 sugarcane varieties (lines) was analyzed and their DNA fingerprinting patterns were constructed, which provided the theoretical basis for identification and molecular breeding of sugarcane varieties. 【Method】 The genetic diversity of 9 sugarcane varieties (lines) from 4 provinces was analyzed by 21 SSR markers and capillary electrophoresis. The genetic similarity coefficient of the tested materials was calculated by NTSYS-pc 2.11, Method for cluster analysis, while building its DNA fingerprinting. 【Result】 Twenty-one pairs of SSR primers amplified 204 bands in total, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 75.99%. Four to 31 bands were amplified for each pair of primers, with an average of 9.71. Among them, 17 pairs of primers contained 44 characteristic sites of 9 sugarcane varieties (lines), only 5 pairs of primers had the highest discrimination ability, and single primers could completely distinguish them. Three pairs of primers (SMC36BUQ, SMC597CS and SMC851MS) with high polymorphism, strong discriminating power and variety (line) characteristics were used to construct DNA fingerprinting based on 44 loci of nine sugarcane varieties (lines). The genetic similarity coefficients of 9 sugarcane materials ranged from 0.62 to 0.90 with an average of 0.77. UPGMA clustering results show that nine sugarcane materials can be divided into three groups, and is not directly related to the source of the material. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the genetic diversity of 9 sugarcane varieties (lines) was small, the genetic relationship was close and the genetic diversity was not abundant. The genetic background of the sugarcane sugars should be increased in breeding to improve their genetic diversity .