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目的了解黔东南州监测点农田土壤蛔虫卵污染情况,为政府和有关部门制定政策措施提供数据。方法采用改良饱和硝酸钠漂浮法进行蛔虫卵检测,采用《土壤检测第2部分:土壤p H值的测定》方法测定土壤中的p H值。结果2011-2014年共采集农田土壤320份,蛔虫卵检出率为49.38%,活虫卵检出率为31.56%;2011-2014年蛔虫卵检出率分别为37.50%、46.25%、53.75%和60.00%,呈逐年上升趋势,年份之间农田土壤蛔虫卵检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);黔东南州5个监测点(凯里市、三穗县、麻江县、镇远县、丹寨县)的农田土壤蛔虫卵检出率在46.25%~55.00%之间,5县(市)农田土壤蛔虫卵检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);158份蛔虫卵检出的土壤中,有82.28%的土壤检出的蛔虫卵数在15(个/10 g)以下;101份活虫卵检出的土壤中,有96.04%的土壤检出的活虫卵数在15(个/10 g)以下;土壤p H值对农田土壤中蛔虫卵、活虫卵污染影响不明显(P>0.05)。结论黔东南州农田土壤蛔虫卵污染越来越严重。应开展农村爱国卫生运动,提高群众环保意识及个人卫生,改善环境卫生;肥料中蛔虫卵死亡率和粪大肠菌群数指标应符合NY884的要求;应实施粪便无害化处理降低土壤中蛔虫卵的污染。
Objective To understand the contamination status of ascaris eggs in farmlands in the monitoring area of Qiandongnan Prefecture and provide data for the government and relevant departments to formulate policies and measures. Methods Ascaris eggs were detected by modified saturated sodium nitrate floatation method. The p H value in soil was determined by the method of “soil testing Part 2: determination of soil p H value”. Results A total of 320 farmland soil samples were collected from 2011 to 2014. The detection rate of roundworm eggs was 49.38% and that of live eggs was 31.56%. The detection rates of roundworm eggs from 2011 to 2014 were 37.50%, 46.25% and 53.75% And 60.00%, respectively, showing an upward trend year by year. There were significant differences in the detection rates of roundworm eggs in farmland soils between the years (P <0.01), five monitoring points in Qiandongnan (Kaili, Sansui, Majiang , Zhenyuan County and Danzhai County) were between 46.25% and 55.00%. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of Ascaris suum ashes among farmlands in 5 counties (P> 0.05). 158 In the ascaris eggs, 82.28% of the ascaris eggs were detected in the soil below 15 (10 g / 10 g), and 96.04% of the soil detected by the live eggs The number of eggs was less than 15 (a / 10 g). Soil p H had no significant effect on roundworm eggs and live egg contamination in farmland soil (P> 0.05). Conclusion Ascaris eggs in farmland in Qiandongnan Prefecture are getting more and more serious. Should carry out rural patriotic health campaigns to raise public awareness of environmental protection and personal hygiene and improve environmental health; Ascaris eggs mortality and fecal coliform number of indicators should meet the requirements of NY884; should be implemented to reduce harmless ascaris eggs in soil Pollution.