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目的分析杭州市健康体检人群慢性肾脏病的患病情况及危险因素。方法回顾性分析2011年10月-2015年10月来杭州市第一人民医院体检中心进行健康体检的5 310名市民的体检资料,依据问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查结果,汇总血尿、蛋白尿、低肾小球滤过率及慢性肾脏病检出率,分析肾脏损害相关危险因素。结果 5 310例健康体检人群,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症、肾结石、肾囊肿的患病率分别为17.29%、10.13%、2.50%、34.33%、12.30%、5.05%、5.22%。男女比较,男性高脂血症、肾结石和肾囊肿患病率均显著高于女性(P<0.05)。血尿检出率2.30%,不同性别及不同年龄段比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);蛋白尿检出率1.96%,男性高于女性(P<0.05),且随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05),低肾小球滤过率检出率3.47%,不同性别比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05);慢性肾脏病检出率7.02%,男性高于女性(P<0.05),且随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05);多元logistic回归分析显示,高龄[OR(95%CI):1.024(1.01,1.03),P<0.01]、男性[OR(95%CI):1.821(1.35,2.45),P<0.01]、高BMI[OR(95%CI):2.537(1.072,3.05),P<0.01]、吸烟[OR(95%CI):39.264(8.27,38.13),P<0.01]、低运动量[OR(95%CI):10.227(3.78,28.79),P<0.01]、高血压[OR(95%CI):1.707(1.27,2.28),P<0.01]、高血糖[OR(95%CI):2,439(1.68,3.53),P<0.01]、高血脂[OR(95%CI):1.642(1.13,2.38),P<0.01]、高血尿酸[OR(95%CI):1.938(1.29,2.89),P<0.01]、肾结石[OR(95%CI):1.001(1.000,1.006),P<0.01]、肾囊肿[OR(95%CI):1.001(1.000,1.008),P<0.01]是慢性肾脏病的危险因素。结论杭州市健康体检人群慢性肾脏病的患病率较高,高龄、男性、高BMI、吸烟、很少运动、高血压、高血糖、高血脂、高血尿酸、肾结石、肾囊肿是慢性肾脏病的危险因素。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in Hangzhou health examination population. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the physical examination data of 5 310 citizens from the First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou No. 1 People’s Hospital from October 2011 to October 2015. According to the results of questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests, the data of hematuria, protein Urine, low glomerular filtration rate and detection rate of chronic kidney disease, analysis of risk factors related to kidney damage. Results The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, kidney stones and renal cysts in 5 310 healthy people were 17.29%, 10.13%, 2.50%, 34.33%, 12.30 %, 5.05%, 5.22%. Men and women, male hyperlipidemia, kidney stones and renal cysts were significantly higher than the prevalence (P <0.05). The detection rate of hematuria was 2.30%. There was no significant difference between different sexes and different age groups (P> 0.05). The detection rate of proteinuria was 1.96%, higher in males than in females (P <0.05), and increased with age P <0.05). The detection rate of low glomerular filtration rate was 3.47%, there was no significant difference between different sexes (P> 0.05), but increased with age (P <0.05). The detection rate of chronic kidney disease (OR = 95% CI: 1.024, 1.01, 1.03, P <0.05), and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio 0.01]. The odds ratio for smoking was higher in men than in men (OR 95% CI 1.821, 1.35, 2.45, P 0.01), high BMI 95% CI 2.537 (1.072, 3.05) 95% CI): 39.264 (8.27, 38.13), P <0.01], low exercise intensity (OR 95% CI 10.227, 3.78, 28.79, P 0.01) (1.27,2.28), P <0.01], hyperglycemia (OR 95% CI: 2,439, 1.68, 3.53, P 0.01) (95% CI: 1.938, 1.29, 2.89, P <0.01), renal calculi (95% CI: 1.001, 1.000, 1.006, P <0.01) Renal cysts [OR (95% CI): 1.001 (1.000, 1.008), P <0.01] were risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is higher in healthy people in Hangzhou. The elderly, male, high BMI, smoking, few exercise, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, kidney stones and renal cysts are the chronic kidney Disease risk factors.