在传统的国际贸易理论中,各个国家按照各自的比较优势或要素禀赋差异参与国际分工,均可获得更大的利益。然而,对于不同的人或利益集团而言,自由贸易政策是非中性的,从而使得相关产业利益集团通过政治捐献或游说等手段影响贸易政策。本书把相对竞争强度纳入利益集团与贸易政策的分析框架,用相对竞争强度解释了利益集团通过政治捐献或游说等手段影响贸易政策的意愿。 In the traditional theory of international trade, each country can gain greater benefits by participating in the international division of labor according to its own comparative advantages or factor endowments. However, for different people or interest groups, the free trade policy is non-neutral, so that the relevant industrial interest groups influence trade policies through political donations or lobbying. This book incorporates the relative strength of competition into the analysis framework of interest groups and trade policies, and explains the willingness of interest groups to influence trade policies through political donations or lobbying through relative strength.