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研读近几年的高考试题可以看出,倒装句频频出现在全国各省、市的高考试题中,逐渐成为被考查的热点语法之一。命题者大多是将该考点与其它语法现象和常见的句型结合在一起进行考查,更加强调了考查考生在特定语境中运用英语解决实际问题的能力。英语中的倒装句从形式上可分为部分倒装(谓语放在主语之前)和全部倒装(谓语中的一部分,通常是助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,而其余部分放在主语之后)。笔者通过归类历届高考试题,总结归纳倒装句高考考查热点所在,希望对同学们的学习有所启迪和帮助。
考查热点一:
含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词,如: never / little / seldom / not / not until / in no way / in no time / by no means / under no circumstance等放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
【考例1】 Little ______about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.(2009陕西 18)
A. did Rose care B. Rose did care
C. Rose does care D. does Rose care
【考例2】 Not until I came home last night ______ to bed.(2009四川16)
A. Mum did go B. did Mum go
C. Went Mum D. Mum went
【考例3】 Little ______that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in his business. (2007重庆34)
A. he realized B. he didn’t realize
C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize
【考例4】 I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom______so lonely as now.(2007辽宁23)
A. have I felt B. I had felt
C. I have felt D. had I felt
【考例5】 I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ______ with my progress. (2006重庆24)
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
答案: 1. A2. B3. D4. A5. D
考查热点二:
Only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,句子要部分倒装。需要注意的是only修饰状语从句时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;only修饰主语时,不用倒装。
【考例6】 Only when I left my parents for Italy ______how much I loved them. (2008重庆26)
A. I realized B. I had realized
C. had I realized D. did I realize
【考例7】you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(2008江苏32)
A. Only if; will you
B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will you
D. Unless; you will
【考例8】 Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.(2006陕西16)
A. she realized B. she had realized
C. had she realized D. did she realize
【考例9】 ______ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.(2006浙江9)
A. Only B. Just
C. Still D. Yet
答案: 6. D7. A8. D9. A
考查热点三:
由so, neither, nor开头的句子,表示前面否定的内容也适应另一个人或物时用全部倒装。注意:肯定句用so,否定句用neither或nor。
【考例10】 Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______. (2008辽宁35)
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was neither D. either was I
【考例11】 If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ______ .(2007全国II 11)
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will
【考例12】—My room gets very cold at night.
—______ .(2007江苏31)
A. So is mine B. So mine is
C. So does mine D. So mine does
【考例13】—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
—Yes. ______ yesterday. (2006福建34)
A. So was it B. So it was
C. So it is D. So is it
答案:10. B11. B12. A13. A
考查热点四:
在so ... that ..., such ... that ...句型中,当so或者such用于句首时,句子要部分倒装。
【考例14】 So sudden ______ that the enemy had no time to escape.(2009山东27)
A. did the attack B. the attack did
C. was the attack D. the attack did
【考例15】______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.(2009辽宁 28)
A. Such B. This
C. That D. So
【考例16】______ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(2007陕西10)
A. So successful her business was
B. So successful was her business
C. So her business was successful
D. So was her successful business
【考例17】 ______about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. (2005江苏35)
A. So curious the couple was
B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were
D. The couple was such curious
答案:14. C15. A16. B17. B
考查热点五:
在as / though引导的让步状语从句中,常用部分倒装,即“名词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 分词 + as + 主语 + 动词”或“动词 + as + 主语+助动词”的倒装形式。需要注意:当表语是名词时,名词前面不加任何冠词。如: Child as he is, he knows a lot.
【考例18】 ______ , his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.(2007重庆34)
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
【考例19】 ______, he talks a lot about his favorite singer after class. (2005重庆27)
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【考例20】______ , Carolina couldn’t get the door open.(2005广东23)
A. Try as she might
B. As she might try
C. She might as try
D. Might she as try
答案:18. D19. B20. A
考查热点六:
某些连词,如not only ... but also ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ...等开头连接句子时,第一个分句的主谓要倒装。
【考例21】 The computer was used in Teaching. As a result, not only ______, but students became more interested in the lessons. (2009全国卷I 31)
A. saved was teachers’ energy
B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved
D. was saved teachers’ energy
【考例22】—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ______ than it happened.(2006天津3)
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
答案:21. B22. A
考查热点七:
为了保持句子的平衡,或者为了使上下文紧密衔接,或者为了强调某部分,常将表语和状语置于句首,引起主语和谓语倒装。
【考例23】 At the foot of the mountain______.(2006四川28)
A. a village lies
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village
【考例24】 In the dark forest______ , some large enough to hold several English towns.(2005辽宁35)
A. stand many lakes
B. lie many lakes
C. many lakes lie
D. many lakes stand
答案: 23. B24. B
【巩固练习】
1. If you don’t go to the library tomorrow,______.
A. neither shall I B. nor I do
C. so do I D. neither do I
2. The bus hit against a tree in the fog and______to the deep valley, with tenpassengers killed and twenty more wounded.
A. down did it roll B. down rolled it
C. it down rolled D. down it rolled
3. So fast ______that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A. light travels B. travels light
C. does light travel D. has light traveled
4. ______ , he knows a lot of things.
A. A child as he is B. Child as he is
C. A child as is he D. Child as is he
5. Only when you realize the importance offoreign languages ______them well.
A. you can learn B. can you learn
C. that you can learn D. and you can learn
6. Not only______to stay at home, but hewas also forbidden to see his friends.
A. that he was forced
B. he was forced
C. had he been forced
D. was he forced
7. Hardly ______ down when he stepped in.
A. I sat B. I had sat
C. did I sit D. had I sat
8. —You ought to have given them some advice.
—______.
A. So ought I B. So I ought
C. So I have D. So I did
9.______the door than someone started knocking on it.
A. I had closed no sooner
B. I had no sooner closed
C. No sooner have I closed
D. No sooner I closed
10. ______will China be the first to use nuclearweapons.
A. At the same time B. At no time
C. At a time D. At that time
11. Only in this way ______ to makeimprovement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
12. So little ______with each other that the neighboring countries could not settle their differences.
A. they agreed B. agreed they
C. did they agree D. they did agree
13. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once______ with each other.
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
14. Not until all the fish died in the river,______ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
15. —I don’t think I can walk any further.
— ______ . Let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither can I B. Neither do I
C. I didn’t think so D. I think so
16. —We have to stop talking here outside.Listen, ______ .
—Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
A. there goes the bell
B. there does the bell go
C. there the bell goes
D. goes the bell there
17. Between the two mounts ______ and they
decide to build a ropeway.
A. lies a very deep valley
B. does a very deep valley lie
C. a very deep valley lies
D. a very deep valley lays
18. He can hardly drive a car,______.
A. so can’t I B. can’t either
C. I can’t too D. neither can I
19. The child tiptoed quietly to the bird. ______ into the forest when he was about to catch it.
A. Flew it away B. Away flew it
C. Away it flew D. Flew away it
20. By no means______ to our plan for the trip.
A. will she agree B. she will agree
C. agrees she D. will agree she
Keys: 1-5 ADCBB 6-10 DDDBB
11-15 CCCAA16-20 AADCA
考查热点一:
含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词,如: never / little / seldom / not / not until / in no way / in no time / by no means / under no circumstance等放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
【考例1】 Little ______about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.(2009陕西 18)
A. did Rose care B. Rose did care
C. Rose does care D. does Rose care
【考例2】 Not until I came home last night ______ to bed.(2009四川16)
A. Mum did go B. did Mum go
C. Went Mum D. Mum went
【考例3】 Little ______that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in his business. (2007重庆34)
A. he realized B. he didn’t realize
C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize
【考例4】 I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom______so lonely as now.(2007辽宁23)
A. have I felt B. I had felt
C. I have felt D. had I felt
【考例5】 I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ______ with my progress. (2006重庆24)
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
答案: 1. A2. B3. D4. A5. D
考查热点二:
Only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,句子要部分倒装。需要注意的是only修饰状语从句时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;only修饰主语时,不用倒装。
【考例6】 Only when I left my parents for Italy ______how much I loved them. (2008重庆26)
A. I realized B. I had realized
C. had I realized D. did I realize
【考例7】you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(2008江苏32)
A. Only if; will you
B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will you
D. Unless; you will
【考例8】 Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.(2006陕西16)
A. she realized B. she had realized
C. had she realized D. did she realize
【考例9】 ______ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.(2006浙江9)
A. Only B. Just
C. Still D. Yet
答案: 6. D7. A8. D9. A
考查热点三:
由so, neither, nor开头的句子,表示前面否定的内容也适应另一个人或物时用全部倒装。注意:肯定句用so,否定句用neither或nor。
【考例10】 Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______. (2008辽宁35)
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was neither D. either was I
【考例11】 If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ______ .(2007全国II 11)
A. he will either B. neither will he
C. he neither will D. either he will
【考例12】—My room gets very cold at night.
—______ .(2007江苏31)
A. So is mine B. So mine is
C. So does mine D. So mine does
【考例13】—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
—Yes. ______ yesterday. (2006福建34)
A. So was it B. So it was
C. So it is D. So is it
答案:10. B11. B12. A13. A
考查热点四:
在so ... that ..., such ... that ...句型中,当so或者such用于句首时,句子要部分倒装。
【考例14】 So sudden ______ that the enemy had no time to escape.(2009山东27)
A. did the attack B. the attack did
C. was the attack D. the attack did
【考例15】______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.(2009辽宁 28)
A. Such B. This
C. That D. So
【考例16】______ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(2007陕西10)
A. So successful her business was
B. So successful was her business
C. So her business was successful
D. So was her successful business
【考例17】 ______about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. (2005江苏35)
A. So curious the couple was
B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were
D. The couple was such curious
答案:14. C15. A16. B17. B
考查热点五:
在as / though引导的让步状语从句中,常用部分倒装,即“名词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 分词 + as + 主语 + 动词”或“动词 + as + 主语+助动词”的倒装形式。需要注意:当表语是名词时,名词前面不加任何冠词。如: Child as he is, he knows a lot.
【考例18】 ______ , his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.(2007重庆34)
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
【考例19】 ______, he talks a lot about his favorite singer after class. (2005重庆27)
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
【考例20】______ , Carolina couldn’t get the door open.(2005广东23)
A. Try as she might
B. As she might try
C. She might as try
D. Might she as try
答案:18. D19. B20. A
考查热点六:
某些连词,如not only ... but also ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ...等开头连接句子时,第一个分句的主谓要倒装。
【考例21】 The computer was used in Teaching. As a result, not only ______, but students became more interested in the lessons. (2009全国卷I 31)
A. saved was teachers’ energy
B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved
D. was saved teachers’ energy
【考例22】—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ______ than it happened.(2006天津3)
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
答案:21. B22. A
考查热点七:
为了保持句子的平衡,或者为了使上下文紧密衔接,或者为了强调某部分,常将表语和状语置于句首,引起主语和谓语倒装。
【考例23】 At the foot of the mountain______.(2006四川28)
A. a village lies
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village
【考例24】 In the dark forest______ , some large enough to hold several English towns.(2005辽宁35)
A. stand many lakes
B. lie many lakes
C. many lakes lie
D. many lakes stand
答案: 23. B24. B
【巩固练习】
1. If you don’t go to the library tomorrow,______.
A. neither shall I B. nor I do
C. so do I D. neither do I
2. The bus hit against a tree in the fog and______to the deep valley, with tenpassengers killed and twenty more wounded.
A. down did it roll B. down rolled it
C. it down rolled D. down it rolled
3. So fast ______that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
A. light travels B. travels light
C. does light travel D. has light traveled
4. ______ , he knows a lot of things.
A. A child as he is B. Child as he is
C. A child as is he D. Child as is he
5. Only when you realize the importance offoreign languages ______them well.
A. you can learn B. can you learn
C. that you can learn D. and you can learn
6. Not only______to stay at home, but hewas also forbidden to see his friends.
A. that he was forced
B. he was forced
C. had he been forced
D. was he forced
7. Hardly ______ down when he stepped in.
A. I sat B. I had sat
C. did I sit D. had I sat
8. —You ought to have given them some advice.
—______.
A. So ought I B. So I ought
C. So I have D. So I did
9.______the door than someone started knocking on it.
A. I had closed no sooner
B. I had no sooner closed
C. No sooner have I closed
D. No sooner I closed
10. ______will China be the first to use nuclearweapons.
A. At the same time B. At no time
C. At a time D. At that time
11. Only in this way ______ to makeimprovement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
12. So little ______with each other that the neighboring countries could not settle their differences.
A. they agreed B. agreed they
C. did they agree D. they did agree
13. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once______ with each other.
A. they had quarreled
B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled
D. had they quarreled
14. Not until all the fish died in the river,______ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn’t the villagers realize
15. —I don’t think I can walk any further.
— ______ . Let’s stop here for a rest.
A. Neither can I B. Neither do I
C. I didn’t think so D. I think so
16. —We have to stop talking here outside.Listen, ______ .
—Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
A. there goes the bell
B. there does the bell go
C. there the bell goes
D. goes the bell there
17. Between the two mounts ______ and they
decide to build a ropeway.
A. lies a very deep valley
B. does a very deep valley lie
C. a very deep valley lies
D. a very deep valley lays
18. He can hardly drive a car,______.
A. so can’t I B. can’t either
C. I can’t too D. neither can I
19. The child tiptoed quietly to the bird. ______ into the forest when he was about to catch it.
A. Flew it away B. Away flew it
C. Away it flew D. Flew away it
20. By no means______ to our plan for the trip.
A. will she agree B. she will agree
C. agrees she D. will agree she
Keys: 1-5 ADCBB 6-10 DDDBB
11-15 CCCAA16-20 AADCA