尝试运用基于合作博弈的成本分摊理论来分摊机组启动费用。研究了机组启动费用分摊的核的存在性问题,并指出该分摊不一定是凸博弈。分析了核仁分摊法和Shapley值分摊法的特点和适用范围,对比了两者的优缺点。此外,对机组空载费用的分摊问题也进行了有益的探索。文中提出采用分时段分摊法和整体分摊法两种方法来分摊多时段的机组启动费用,并对比研究了两者的分摊结果。所提出的分摊方法与现有方法相比,在分摊合理性和公平性方面存在理论上的优势。数值算例结果表明,提出的分摊方法是公平、有效的。 Try to use the cost-sharing theory based on cooperative game to apportion the startup cost of the unit. The problem of the existence of the kernel of the unit cost-sharing is studied, and it is pointed out that the allocation is not necessarily convex game. The characteristics and the applicable scope of the method of apportionment of amygdala and Shapley are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared. In addition, there is also a useful exploration on the issue of the sharing of airfreight costs. In this paper, two methods of time-sharing method and total-sharing method are proposed to share the start-up costs of multi-period units, and the comparison of the two results is made. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed apportionment method has theoretical advantages in sharing reasonableness and fairness. Numerical examples show that the proposed apportionment method is fair and effective.