论文部分内容阅读
目的了解山东省城市社区老年人慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为该地区提高老年人健康水平提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,于2015年9月至2016年7月按照经济发展水平(发达、中等、欠发达)选取山东省潍坊市、威海市和济宁市作为样本城市,每个市随机抽取2个区,每个区随机抽取3个社区,共抽取18个社区的2 796例老年人作为调查对象。由培训合格的调查员采用自行设计的调查问卷,进行基本情况和慢性病患病现状调查。用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ~2检验,慢性病影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果该地区老年人慢性病患病率为63.8%(1 785/2 796)。慢性病患病顺位居前5位的依次为高血压1 121例,患病率为40.1%;糖尿病458例,患病率为16.4%;心脏病421例,患病率为15.1%;关节炎252例,患病率为9.0%;脑血管疾病102例,患病率为3.6%。1 785例慢性病患者中,患1种慢性病的为1 084例(60.7%),患2种慢性病的为510例(28.6%),患3种以上慢性病的为191例(10.7%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄和慢性病家族史是慢性病的危险因素(OR值分别为1.097、8.502);婚姻、自理能力和睡眠质量是慢性病的保护因素(OR值分别为0.718、0.518和0.797)。结论山东省城市社区老年人慢性病患病率较高,且存在多种慢性病共存现象,应关注高龄和有慢性病家族史的老年人的健康状况,改善其自理能力和睡眠质量,有效防治慢性病。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of chronic diseases of the elderly in urban communities in Shandong Province and to provide a scientific basis for improving the health of the elderly in this area. Methods From September 2015 to July 2016, we selected Weifang, Weihai and Jining as the sample cities according to the level of economic development (developed, medium and underdeveloped) by adopting a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Each city The city randomly selected two districts, each district randomly selected three communities, a total of 2 community survey of 796 elderly people as the survey. Qualified investigators use a self-designed questionnaire to conduct a survey of the basic conditions and prevalence of chronic diseases. SPSS 19.0 software was used to test χ ~ 2, and the influencing factors of chronic diseases were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in this area was 63.8% (1 785/2 796). Among the top five chronic diseases, 121 were high blood pressure with a prevalence of 40.1%, 458 with diabetes, with a prevalence of 16.4%, 421 with heart disease (prevalence 15.1%), arthritis 252 cases, the prevalence was 9.0%; cerebrovascular disease in 102 cases, the prevalence was 3.6%. Among 1 785 cases of chronic diseases, 1 084 (60.7%) had one chronic disease, 510 (28.6%) had two chronic diseases, and 191 (10.7%) had three or more chronic diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of age and chronic diseases was a risk factor for chronic diseases (OR = 1.097, 8.502, respectively). Marital self-care ability and sleep quality were the protective factors of chronic diseases (OR = 0.718, 0.518 and 0.797, respectively) ). Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in urban communities in Shandong Province is high, and there are a number of chronic diseases coexisting. We should pay attention to the health status of the elderly and family members with chronic family history, improve their self-care ability and sleep quality, and effectively prevent and treat chronic diseases.