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目的分析张家港市艾滋病(AIDS)的流行状况及主要危险因素,为进一步开展国家科技重大专项江苏省传染病防治示范区工作和完善防治对策提供依据。方法收集该市2002—2011年报告的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/AIDS患者(HIV/AIDS)病例个案和疫情监测资料,进行描述流行病学分析。结果该市自2002年首次发现HIV感染者,至2011年底累计发现HIV/AIDS 190例,其中AIDS 39例。发现数呈总体上升态势,以外来流动人口居多,近年该市户籍感染者比重在加大。男女性别比为3.32∶1,以20～49岁、初中及以下文化程度人群居多。以性传播途径为主,占79.47%,男男性行为途径感染占29.47%。在HIV感染者的发现上,医疗卫生机构的常规筛查、医务人员主动开展HIV咨询和检测(PITC)工作和自愿咨询检测(VCT)工作起到了重要作用。结论该市的AIDS疫情流行特征已发生明显改变,今后应加强宣传、干预、发现、管理及治疗等工作的力度,遏制AIDS快速传播和流行的势头。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and main risk factors of AIDS in Zhangjiagang City and provide evidence for further carrying out the work of national science and technology major project of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Jiangsu Province and perfecting prevention and control measures. Methods The cases and outbreak surveillance data of human immunodeficiency virus-infected / AIDS patients (HIV / AIDS) reported in the city from 2002 to 2011 were collected to describe the epidemiological analysis. Results The city first discovered HIV infected persons in 2002, and 190 HIV / AIDS cases were found by the end of 2011, of which 39 were AIDS. The number was found to be generally upward trend, mostly migrants outside the city in recent years, increasing the proportion of household registration. The male-to-female sex ratio is 3.32: 1, with a population of 20-49 years old and junior high school education and below. The main route of sexual transmission, accounting for 79.47%, men and women accounted for 29.47% of infections. On the findings of HIV infection, routine screening by medical and health institutions and medical staff to initiate HIV counseling and testing (PITC) and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) have played an important role. Conclusion The epidemic characteristics of AIDS epidemic in the city have undergone significant changes. The publicity, intervention, discovery, management and treatment should be stepped up in the future to curb the rapid spread of AIDS and the prevailing momentum.