孔子通过总结和反思,抓住以往文化的核心精神,使其明确而自觉地展现了出来,这就是“仁”的精神,开辟了内在的生命世界,挺立起个人独立的人格。与此对应,也就形成了外在的人文世界。从历史评价来说,孔子超越了以往时代以礼为标准的历史评价而转化为以仁为标准的历史评价。从历史的意义与价值来说,仁作为个人的自觉精神,在成己成物两方面展现自己,使生命自觉地融入到宗族的延续中,融入到人文世界的传承中,使历史化为自觉的生命绵延,成就起自觉的生命史观。从历史规律与模式来说,孔子总结以往人文世界运行的规律,体悟到人文世界的因革损益,并对当下及未来人文世界的发展趋势作出了预测和价值规范。 Through summing up and reflecting upon Confucius, Confucius grasped the core spirit of the past culture and demonstrated it explicitly and conscientiously. This is the spirit of “benevolence”, opening up an inner world of life and building up an individual personality. Corresponding to this, also formed an external humanistic world. From the perspective of historical evaluation, Confucius transcended the historic evaluation of taking benevolence as the standard beyond the historical evaluation of the ceremony as the standard in the past times. From its historical significance and value, Ren, as an individual’s conscience, shows himself in both man and nature so that his life is consciously integrated into the continuation of the clan and into the heritage of the humanistic world, turning history into consciousness The life stretches, the achievements of consciously history of life. In terms of historical patterns and patterns, Confucius summarized the laws governing the operation of the humanistic world in the past, realized the loss and gain in the humanities world, and made predictions and values ​​for the development trends of the present and future humanities.