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利用ISSR分子标记技术分析了汝城白毛茶群体的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,结果表明,筛选出的10条重复性好、多态性高的ISSR引物对112个单株进行扩增,共获得190条谱带,其中多态性条带173条,多态性比率达91.05%,显示出汝城白毛茶种群内具有较高的多态性。遗传多样性分析显示,112个株系的有效等位基因数(Ne)介于1.02~2.00之间,平均为1.42;Shannon信息指数(I)介于0.05~0.69之间,平均为0.40;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)介于0.02~0.50之间,平均为0.26;Jaccard相似系数介于0.37~0.83之间,平均为0.60。根据相似系数矩阵按UPGMA法进行聚类,在相似系数为0.42处可将供试的112个汝城白毛茶单株划分为九个类群,其中包含7个复合组,2个独立组,显示出汝城白毛茶拥有丰富的遗传多样性和基因的相对稳定性,从分子水平上揭示了汝城白毛茶单株间的亲缘关系,可为该资源的进一步开发利用和保护提供一定的参考依据。
ISSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Rucheng Baimao tea. The results showed that 112 ISSR primers with good repeatability and high polymorphism were selected to amplify 112 individuals. 190 bands, of which 173 were polymorphic bands with a polymorphism rate of 91.05%, indicating that there was a high polymorphism in the population of Rucheng white-leaf tea. The analysis of genetic diversity showed that the effective allele numbers (Ne) of 112 lines ranged from 1.02 to 2.00 with an average of 1.42; Shannon’s information index (I) ranged from 0.05 to 0.69 with an average of 0.40; Nei’s The genetic diversity index (H) ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 with an average of 0.26. Jaccard similarity coefficients ranged from 0.37 to 0.83 with an average of 0.60. According to the similarity coefficient matrix, according to the UPGMA method, 112 Rucheng white-leaf tea plants were divided into nine groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.42, including seven compound groups and two independent groups Rucheng white-leaf tea has rich genetic diversity and relative stability of genes, revealing the genetic relationship among the individual lines of Rucheng white-leaf tea on the molecular level, which can provide some references for the further development, utilization and protection of this resource.