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目的了解北京市西城区中学生饮食行为流行现状及影响因素,以便采取有效的预防和干预措施。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,通过北京市青少年健康相关行为调查问卷对北京市西城区2007名中学生进行问卷调查。结果被调查中学生每天喝饮料、每天吃甜点、每天吃油炸食品、经常吃快餐、经常吃路边摊、偏食等非健康饮食行为的报告率分别为17.94%,30.77%,7.08%,7.73%,9.42%,41.49%。每天吃水果、每天吃蔬菜、经常吃早餐、经常喝牛奶等健康饮食行为报告率分别为69.90%,85.30%,88.18%,69.48%。饮食相关行为受性别、学习阶段、学习成绩、母亲文化程度、家庭类型等因素影响。结论应根据学生的特点,加强营养知识的健康教育,培养良好的生活习惯,防止成年期疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status and influencing factors of dietary behaviors among middle school students in Xicheng District of Beijing to take effective prevention and intervention measures. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 2007 middle school students in Xicheng District of Beijing through questionnaire about health behaviors of adolescents in Beijing. Results The reported rate of non-healthy diet behaviors of middle school students such as drinking daily drinks, eating dessert everyday, eating fried foods every day, eating fast food frequently, eating street vendors, partial eclipse and so on were 17.94%, 30.77%, 7.08% and 7.73% , 9.42%, 41.49%. Daily eating fruits, eating vegetables daily, regular breakfast, frequent drinking of milk and other healthy eating behaviors were 69.90%, 85.30%, 88.18% and 69.48% respectively. Diet-related behaviors are influenced by factors such as gender, stage of study, academic performance, level of mother’s education, and family type. Conclusion According to the characteristics of students, we should strengthen the health education of nutritional knowledge, develop good habits and prevent the occurrence of diseases in adulthood.