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自70年代以来,我国积极实行人口控制政策,使人口高速增长的势头明显减缓,人口自然增长率从60年代的22.8‰,下降到1989—1990年度的14.7‰。然而,由于我国人口基数过大,在自然增长率大幅度降低的情况下,人口增长数量却依然庞大。近几年,每年净增人口1600万以上,相当于每年新增加一个澳大利亚的人口。按照国内有关专家的预测,1994年我国人口将突破12亿大关,到2000年,将达到13.2亿,比十二大报告提出的人口控制目标多出1.2亿,从而加大了下个世纪人口问题所带来的压力。因此,只有实现十年规划和八五计划纲要所提出的目标,“争取今后十年平均人口自然增长率控制在12.5‰以内”,才可望在本世纪末将总人口保持在13亿以内,使人口增长和经济发展的矛盾有所缓解。
Since the 1970s, our country has actively implemented the population control policy, which has obviously slowed the momentum of rapid population growth. The natural population growth rate dropped from 22.8 ‰ in the 1960s to 14.7 ‰ in 1989-90. However, given the large population base in our country, population growth is still huge at a time when the rate of natural increase has dropped significantly. In recent years, the annual net increase of more than 16 million people is equivalent to a new annual increase of the Australian population. According to the forecast of relevant experts in China, the population of our country will exceed 1.2 billion in 1994 and will reach 1.32 billion by the year 2000, an increase of 120 million over the population control target set forth in the Twelfth National Congress, thus increasing the population of the next century The pressure of the problem. Therefore, only by implementing the goals set out in the 10-year plan and the “Outline of the Eighth Plan” and “striving to achieve an average natural population growth rate of 12.5% in the next 10 years” will it be possible to maintain the total population within 1.3 billion by the end of this century. The contradiction between population growth and economic development has eased.