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注水后残留在多孔介质中的油珠只靠增大压差很难从小喉经毛管中驱替出来。因为油水间的界面张力约为30达因/厘米,驱动所需要的压差为100公斤/厘米~2·米,而注水时压差仅为2～4公斤/厘米~2·米,远小于驱动压差。利用表面活性剂降低油水界面张力,是提高原油采收率的一种方法。当表面活性剂进入多孔介质,使油水界面张力降低到10~(-3)达因/厘米以下时,注水后的残余油即可在通常的注水压差下被驱出。
The oil droplets remaining in the porous media after water injection are difficult to displace from the small laryngeal capillary just by increasing the pressure differential. Because the interfacial tension between oil and water is about 30 dyne / cm, the pressure difference required for driving is 100 kg / cm ~ 2 · m, while the pressure difference between water injection and water injection is only 2 ~ 4 kg / cm ~ 2 · m, Drive pressure. The use of surfactants to reduce oil-water interfacial tension is one way to increase oil recovery. When the surfactant enters the porous medium and the oil-water interfacial tension is reduced to less than 10 -3 dyne / cm, the residual oil after water injection can be driven out under the normal pressure difference of water injection.