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以氙灯作为模拟太阳光源,实验研究CuO和HgS纳米流体的光热转换特性。与透明导热油相比,浓度为0.1 mg/m L的CuO纳米流体和浓度为1.0 mg/m L的HgS纳米流体的光热转换效率可分别提升35%和27%。随着浓度的增大,由于表面效应,CuO纳米流体的温升出现饱和现象,而HgS纳米流体则未出现类似现象。分析表明:对于CuO和HgS纳米流体而言,光热转换效率的提高分别是由于纳米颗粒的吸收和散射2种效应所导致的。该研究揭示出具有不同光谱吸收特性的纳米流体其提高光热转换效率的机制有所不同,有助于在太阳能光热转换应用中纳米流体的合理选择。
The light-to-heat conversion characteristics of CuO and HgS nanofluids were experimentally studied using a xenon lamp as a simulated solar light source. Compared with the transparent HTF, the CuO nanofluid concentration of 0.1 mg / m L and the HgS nanofluid concentration of 1.0 mg / m L increased the photothermal conversion efficiency by 35% and 27%, respectively. As the concentration increases, the temperature rise of the CuO nanofluids appears to be saturated due to the surface effect, whereas the HgS nanofluids does not exhibit a similar phenomenon. The analysis shows that for CuO and HgS nanofluids, the enhancement of photothermal conversion efficiency is due to the absorption and scattering of nanoparticles respectively. The study revealed that nanofluids with different spectral absorption properties have different mechanisms for increasing the photothermal conversion efficiency and are therefore suitable for the rational selection of nanofluids in solar photothermal conversion applications.