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Abstract
This paper tries to study the differences on higher education between the United States and China, and uses the methods of combining theories, materials, facts and examples to prove the relationship.
Key Words: higher education; the United States; China; divergences
Introduction
Higher education now is an important area all over the world, every country have higher educational systems and paid much attention to them. But there are deeply differences in their development speed, quality and scale. From a certain perspective of pedagogy, we can see if a country wants to be succeeding in the development of higher education, it must adopt an educational policy and a system of management which can be adapted to the condition of their own country. In the following parts, there are two aspects to make a comparison of the differences between the United States and China.
ⅠLegislation of Higher Education
Whether the educational law is perfect or not, it is not only depends on the development of the level of a country and the level of the educational management, it is also the significant standard for a country to judge the democracy and the legality.
1.1 The Function of the Management of the Educational Law in the Controlling of Higher Education
For a long period of time, china adopted the pattern of planned economy, it mainly depends on the administrative manners. Higher education can be put together with the planned economy, under the leading of the centralized and unified management, the management is always in the form of commendation, notice, directive and meeting summary, no modern higher educational legislative system has been established. To sum it up, the educational law in china is poor in its stability and its authority.
A complete system of law is included in the United States, so as the law of the higher education. The higher educational law system of the U.S has a distinguishing functions: firstly, the federal government only can intervene and manage higher education by allocation; secondly, by making administrative law, it has the right to make a limitation of the investment and tax revenue; thirdly, by making federal law to subsidize to the development of higher education
1.2 The Characteristics of the Management of the Higher Educational Law
First point is centralization of the legislative system. In China, the central authorities have the supreme rights to supervise the development of higher education, to make higher educational law, and to control the whole country. Secondary is instability of the law. The law which the authorities have made always in the form of temporary, provisional and in draft is lack of stability and solemn. Thirdly, incomplete contends of the law. There is many-confined clause in the system of the law, more obligations and less authority. While in the United States. First of all, decentralization of legislative body. Every state should pay more attention to the legislative; the states have the rights to manage higher education. Secondly, the educational funds is an important contends in the educational law. Thirdly, widely ranges of the educational law. The range of the educational law is almost reached to every aspect in the universities and the society. In one word, the educational law in the U.S is more effective and efficient.
ⅡThe Different Status between Private School and Public School
In the United States, higher education carries out the principle , public school and private school are equal in the status. There is no parties can dominant the private school within the range of the laws, the majorities of the old and famous universities are private schools, they are prior to any other universities in their manpower, material resources and financial resources. For example, the famous universities in the United States are all the private schools, such as Harvard University, Yale University, Princeton University, and Columbia University and so on.
While private school and public school in China do not receive the same approval as in the U.S. In the Chinese people’s mind, public school is more normalize than private school, such as in the aspects of administration, finance, equipment, Campus buildings, faculty, teachers and so on. Even when the students are graduated from the universities, some companies prefer to employ those who are graduates from the key universities than employ those who are graduated from private school. It is a wrong conception in human’s mind. We should realize it and try to improve them in a right way. If we cannot realize them at once, it may stop higher education from developing.
ⅢConclusion
To sum it up, different countries have different higher educational system. From the comparison on higher education between the United States and China, we can see that there are a lot of things that the government should do in order to improve higher education in China. Higher education in the United States is the most famous one in the world, so we must learn from them.
Works Cited
Ebuch, K.:Recent Trends of Academic Mobility and Policy in Japan, Higher Education Policy, Sept.1993
Luedtke. Making American – The Society and Culture of the United States .
梅仁毅（Mei, Renyi）。《美国研究读本》。
杨之岭（Yang, Zhiling）。《中国高等教育》。北京：北京师范大学出版社，1998。
Abstract
This paper tries to study the differences on higher education between the United States and China, and uses the methods of combining theories, materials, facts and examples to prove the relationship.
Key Words: higher education; the United States; China; divergences
Introduction
Higher education now is an important area all over the world, every country have higher educational systems and paid much attention to them. But there are deeply differences in their development speed, quality and scale. From a certain perspective of pedagogy, we can see if a country wants to be succeeding in the development of higher education, it must adopt an educational policy and a system of management which can be adapted to the condition of their own country. In the following parts, there are two aspects to make a comparison of the differences between the United States and China.
ⅠLegislation of Higher Education
Whether the educational law is perfect or not, it is not only depends on the development of the level of a country and the level of the educational management, it is also the significant standard for a country to judge the democracy and the legality.
1.1 The Function of the Management of the Educational Law in the Controlling of Higher Education
For a long period of time, china adopted the pattern of planned economy, it mainly depends on the administrative manners. Higher education can be put together with the planned economy, under the leading of the centralized and unified management, the management is always in the form of commendation, notice, directive and meeting summary, no modern higher educational legislative system has been established. To sum it up, the educational law in china is poor in its stability and its authority.
A complete system of law is included in the United States, so as the law of the higher education. The higher educational law system of the U.S has a distinguishing functions: firstly, the federal government only can intervene and manage higher education by allocation; secondly, by making administrative law, it has the right to make a limitation of the investment and tax revenue; thirdly, by making federal law to subsidize to the development of higher education
1.2 The Characteristics of the Management of the Higher Educational Law
First point is centralization of the legislative system. In China, the central authorities have the supreme rights to supervise the development of higher education, to make higher educational law, and to control the whole country. Secondary is instability of the law. The law which the authorities have made always in the form of temporary, provisional and in draft is lack of stability and solemn. Thirdly, incomplete contends of the law. There is many-confined clause in the system of the law, more obligations and less authority. While in the United States. First of all, decentralization of legislative body. Every state should pay more attention to the legislative; the states have the rights to manage higher education. Secondly, the educational funds is an important contends in the educational law. Thirdly, widely ranges of the educational law. The range of the educational law is almost reached to every aspect in the universities and the society. In one word, the educational law in the U.S is more effective and efficient.
ⅡThe Different Status between Private School and Public School
In the United States, higher education carries out the principle , public school and private school are equal in the status. There is no parties can dominant the private school within the range of the laws, the majorities of the old and famous universities are private schools, they are prior to any other universities in their manpower, material resources and financial resources. For example, the famous universities in the United States are all the private schools, such as Harvard University, Yale University, Princeton University, and Columbia University and so on.
While private school and public school in China do not receive the same approval as in the U.S. In the Chinese people’s mind, public school is more normalize than private school, such as in the aspects of administration, finance, equipment, Campus buildings, faculty, teachers and so on. Even when the students are graduated from the universities, some companies prefer to employ those who are graduates from the key universities than employ those who are graduated from private school. It is a wrong conception in human’s mind. We should realize it and try to improve them in a right way. If we cannot realize them at once, it may stop higher education from developing.
ⅢConclusion
To sum it up, different countries have different higher educational system. From the comparison on higher education between the United States and China, we can see that there are a lot of things that the government should do in order to improve higher education in China. Higher education in the United States is the most famous one in the world, so we must learn from them.
Works Cited
Ebuch, K.:Recent Trends of Academic Mobility and Policy in Japan, Higher Education Policy, Sept.1993
Luedtke. Making American – The Society and Culture of the United States .
梅仁毅（Mei, Renyi）。《美国研究读本》。
杨之岭（Yang, Zhiling）。《中国高等教育》。北京：北京师范大学出版社，1998。