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基于韩江流域12个气象台站1955—2012年降水量、潮安站径流量和输沙量资料,采用Mann-Kendall非参数秩次检验及小波分析方法研究韩江流域入海径流量和输沙量的多尺度变化特征.结果表明:1955—2012年韩江入海径流量和输沙量总体没有出现明显变化,1982年以来径流量未发生显著变化,但输沙量显著减少;流域径流量、输沙量存在明显的25~30、9~14、3~8 a时间尺度变化周期,其中25~30 a震荡周期最为明显,具有全域性.流域入海输沙量和径流量周期规律基本一致,但输沙量周期略滞后径流量周期;在4 a时间尺度上正负相交替频繁,变化剧烈,突变点较多,而12 a与30 a时间尺度正负相交替正常,表明短时间尺度受人类活动影响较大.近年来修建大量水电站、提高森林草地覆被率及增加用水量是韩江流域近几十年来径流量和输沙量变化的主要因素.
Based on the data of precipitation from 12 meteorological stations in the Hanjiang River Basin from 1955 to 2012, and the runoff and sediment load of Chaoan Station, Mann-Kendall non-parametric rank test and wavelet analysis were used to study the runoff and sediment load in the Hanjiang River Basin The results show that the runoff and sediment load of the Hanjiang River did not change obviously from 1955 to 2012, and the runoff did not change significantly since 1982, but the sediment discharge decreased significantly. There is a significant time-scale variation cycle of 25-30, 9-, 14-, 8-8 a in the sediment, of which the 25-30-year cycle is the most obvious and has a global trend. The periodicity of sediment load and runoff in the watershed is basically the same, The period of sediment transport slightly lagged behind the runoff period; on the 4 a time scale, the positive and negative alternations were frequent and frequent, with dramatic changes and more abrupt change points, while the positive and negative phases of 12 a and 30 a alternated normally, indicating that the short- Activities in recent years, a large number of hydropower stations to improve the coverage rate of forest and grassland and increase water consumption is the Hanjiang River Basin in recent decades runoff and sediment changes in the main factors.