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我国华北地区盛产玉米,玉米芯资源丰富。玉米芯中含有多种碳水化合物、蛋白质和矿质元素,适合于多种食用菌生长。将玉米芯粉碎加工后栽培食用菌的报道较多,但这种裁培方法工序繁,劳动强度高,经济效益低。为此,我们进行了整玉米芯棒垒墙栽培平菇试验,现将结果报告如下;(一)原料处理将新鲜无霉变的玉米芯,置于盛有3%石灰水中,用木棒充分搅拌后,上压重物,使玉米芯全部浸没于石灰水中。经48小时后捞出,用清水冲洗至pH7.5左右,沥去多余水分,含水量保持在65%左右,即可垒墙播种。(二)垒墙播种垒墙场地,以选用保温、保湿、通气性能良好的室内或土窖。地面整平,撒一层生石灰用以灭菌除虫。先在地上纵横交替摆放一层长2m、宽0.6m 的玉米芯,随后就可进行播种,采用点播法,种块间距离以10～15cm 为宜。然后在上每摆放三层玉米芯播一次种,直至墙高0.8m 为止,接种量在10～15%。为了增强料墙的坚固性及通风保湿,各层依次摆放的玉米芯方向要相互垂直(见下图)。垒墙播种完毕。覆盖经0.1%高锰酸钾液浸泡过的塑料薄膜,以保温、保湿和防杂菌污染。
China is rich in corn in North China, corncob is rich in resources. Corn cob contains a variety of carbohydrates, protein and mineral elements, suitable for a variety of mushroom growth. There are many reports about the cultivation of edible fungi after corn cob crushing and processing. However, this kind of cutting method has many processes, high labor intensity and low economic benefits. To this end, we conducted a whole corncob barrier wall cultivation mushroom test, the results are reported as follows; (a) raw material processing fresh mildew-free corn cob, placed in 3% lime water, with a full wooden stick After mixing, the weight of the pressure on the corn cob all immersed in lime water. After 48 hours, remove, rinse with water to about pH7.5, Lek to excess water, water content remained at about 65%, you can plant the basement wall. (B) the basement of the wall sowing walls to choose insulation, moisturizing, ventilation, good indoor or cellar. Ground leveling, sprinkle a layer of lime for sterilization and pest control. First on the ground alternately placed vertically and horizontally a layer of 2m, 0.6m wide corn cob, then you can sow, the use of on-demand method, the distance between the species to 10 ~ 15cm appropriate. Then put three layers of corncob on each planting a species, until the wall height of 0.8m so far, inoculum at 10 to 15%. In order to enhance the solidity of the material wall and ventilate and moisturize, the corn cob in order shall be perpendicular to each other (see below). Basement planting is completed. Cover with 0.1% potassium permanganate soaked plastic film to heat, moisture and anti-bacterial contamination.