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目的研究地塞米松(Dex)对大鼠肱骨形态结构的影响。方法 3月龄♀SD大鼠37只,随机分为基础组(B组)、正常对照组(C组,肌肉注射生理盐水)和实验组[低、中、高频率组(L、M、H组)分别2次/周、4次/周、6次/周肌肉注射Dex,每次1.0 mg.kg-1],给药30 d后取肱骨脱钙、石蜡包埋,骨形态计量学分析骨量、骨结构变化情况。结果肱骨上段松质骨:B、C组差异无显著性;与C组比较,L组差异无显著性,M、H组骨小梁面积百分数(Tb.Ar%)明显降低(P<0.01),骨小梁宽度、数目明显减少(P<0.05),分离度明显增加(M组P<0.05;H组P<0.01)。肱骨中段皮质骨:B、C组差异无显著性;与C组比较,L、M组变化差异无显著性,H组骨组织总面积、皮质骨面积百分数、皮质骨厚度均明显减少(P<0.05),骨髓腔面积百分数明显增大(P<0.05)。肱骨生长板:B、C组差异无显著性;与C组比较,L、M和H组的生长板厚度均明显减少(P<0.05);L组肥大细胞直径变化无统计学意义,M、H组的肥大细胞直径明显减少(M组P<0.01;H组P<0.05)。结论短期、低频率(30d,每次1.0 mg.kg-1,2次/周)应用Dex不改变肱骨形态,当注射频率上升(4次/周)时仅观察到松质骨丢失,而皮质骨无变化,高频率时松质骨、皮质骨均严重丢失,3种频率用药均抑制肱骨生长板的生长发育,提示建立大鼠骨质疏松模型时应充分考虑不同用药频率对不同部位骨骼的影响,合理设计给药方案。
Objective To study the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on the morphology of the humerus in rats. Methods Thirty-seven SD rats of 3 months old were randomly divided into basic group (B group), normal control group (C group, intramuscular injection of normal saline) and experimental group [low, middle and high frequency group Group) were given 2 times / week, 4 times / week, 6 times / week intramuscular injection of Dex, 1.0 mg.kg-1 each time], after administration for 30 days, take humeral decalcification, paraffin-embedded, bone morphometry Bone size, bone structure changes. Results The cancellous bone in the upper humerus: There was no significant difference between group B and C, and there was no significant difference between group L and group B. The percentage of trabecular area (Tb.Ar%) was significantly lower in group M and group H (P <0.01) , The trabecular width and number decreased significantly (P <0.05), and the resolution increased significantly (M group, P <0.05; H group, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference between group C and C (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between group C and C (P < 0.05). The percentage of marrow cavity area increased significantly (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the growth plate of humerus between group B and C (P <0.05). Compared with group C, the thickness of growth plate in L, M and H groups was significantly decreased (P <0.05) H group mast cell diameter was significantly reduced (M group P <0.01; H group P <0.05). Conclusions The application of Dex in the short and low frequency (30 days, each 1.0 mg.kg-1, 2 times / week) did not change the shape of the humerus. Only cancellous bone loss was observed when the injection frequency was increased (4 times / week) Bone no change, high frequency of cancellous bone, cortical bone were severely lost, the three kinds of frequency of inhibition of humane growth board growth and development, suggesting that the establishment of rat model of osteoporosis should take full account of different frequency of medication on different parts of the skeleton Influence, rational design of drug delivery program.