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在西南地区三熟制套作模式下,以常规平作(T)为对照,连续2a进行大田对比试验,研究了垄作(R)、平作+秸秆覆盖(TS)、垄作+秸秆覆盖(RS)、平作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂(TSD)和垄作+秸秆覆盖+腐熟剂(RSD)等5种处理对农田耕层土壤养分含量的动态变化的影响。结果表明,与对照T相比,RSD,TSD,RS,TS处理均显著提高了土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全钾含量和pH值。在3-7月份,RSD与TSD处理的土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量比RS与TS处理要高,但在10月份RSD与TSD处理的土壤碱解氮要低于RS和TS。与对照T相比,在不同时期,R处理均在一定程度上提高土壤碱解氮和全氮的含量,其它养分含量无明显差异。试验结果说明了这5种保护性耕作处理均在不同时期很好地调节了土壤养分的供应情况。
Under the three-crop intercropping system in southwestern China, field experiments were carried out on a regular basis for two years in a row with conventional flat cropping (T). The effects of ridge planting (R), mulching plus straw mulching (TS), ridge mulching + straw mulching (RS) The effects of five treatments including flattening + straw mulching + composting (TSD), ridge planting + straw mulching + composting (RSD) on the dynamic changes of soil nutrient content in topsoil were studied. The results showed that compared with the control T, RSD, TSD, RS and TS treatments significantly increased the contents of soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, total potassium and pH. In March-July, RSD and TSD were higher than those of RS and TS in both soil RS and TSD, but RSD and TSD were lower than RS and TS in soil in RSD and TSD treatments. Compared with the control T, R treatment increased soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and total nitrogen in a certain extent, but no significant difference in other nutrient contents. The results of the experiment show that all five conservation tillage treatments have well regulated the supply of soil nutrients at different times.