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目的了解2013-2014年郑州市重症手足口病(HFMD)流行特征,为科学防控提供依据。方法对郑州市报告的385例重症手足口病例进行调查、分析,采集标本、检测肠道病毒。结果 2013-2014年郑州市共报告手足口病37 076例,其中重症病例385例,重症比例为1.04%。重症手足口病例呈散发状态,农村高于城市;发病时间主要集中于4-7月(76.88%)。男女之比是1.64∶1;重症手足口病例的主要患者是3岁以下散居儿童。实验室检测结果显示:385例重症手足口病例中,有223例检出了肠道病毒,阳性率为57.92%;其中EV71阳性的有185例,占82.96%;Cox A16阳性的有6例,占2.69%,PE阳性的32例,占14.35%;重症病例与普通病例检出EV71的差异有统计学意义。结论 EV71是重症手足口病例感染的主要病毒类型;重症病例具有明显的人群特征,落实综合性防控措施做好重症手足口病是防控工作的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Zhengzhou from 2013 to 2014 and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods A total of 385 severe hand-foot-mouth cases reported by Zhengzhou City were investigated, analyzed, collected and tested for enterovirus. Results A total of 37 076 HFMD cases were reported in Zhengzhou from 2013 to 2014, of which 385 were severe cases and 1.04% were severe cases. Severe cases of hand, foot and mouth were sporadic cases, rural areas higher than the city; onset time was mainly concentrated in April-July (76.88%). The ratio of men to women is 1.64: 1; the major patients with severe HFMD are those under 3 years old. Laboratory tests showed that 223 out of 385 cases of severe HFMD were positive for enterovirus, of which 57.92% were EV71 positive, of which 185 were EV71 positive, accounting for 82.96%; 6 were positive for Cox A16, Accounting for 2.69%, PE positive 32 cases, accounting for 14.35%; severe cases and common cases detected EV71 difference was statistically significant. Conclusion EV71 is the main type of virus infection in HFMD cases. Severe cases have obvious characteristics of population. Implementing comprehensive prevention and control measures is the key to preventing and controlling HFMD.