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环境污染,影响着污染地区以及周边地区的经济发展。现实中,当某地区被污染,即使污染已修复,“剩余污染”依旧存在——公众产生的对污染地区以及周边地区的负面评价,导致相关地区环境客体价值的贬损。本文将此种损害界定为环境污名损害。环境污名损害因受到公众主观评价的影响,具有不确定性,但对于权利主体来说却是实实在在的损失。在我国环境污染案件中,有受损主体提出过类似的诉求,并且法院也予以了肯定。本文剖析了环境污名损害的原因:公众主观因素,政府处理不当,损害不确定,法律制度的空白。同时,基于现有的法律制度构想环境污名损害救济对策:以民法中可得利益角度以及名誉恢复角度进行为着力点。力求在我国现有制度基础上进行完善,对环境污名损害予以救济。
Environmental pollution affects the economic development in polluted areas and the surrounding areas. In reality, when a certain area is polluted, even if the pollution has been repaired, the “remaining pollution” still exists - the public’s negative evaluation of the polluted area and the surrounding areas will lead to the devaluation of the value of environmental objects in the relevant areas. This article defines such damage as environmental damage. Due to the subjective evaluation by the public, environmental damage is notoriously uncertain, but it is a real loss to the rights subject. In the case of environmental pollution in our country, there are some appeals made by the injured subject, and the court also affirmed. This article analyzes the reasons for the damage to the environmental stigma: the subjective factors of the public, the government improper handling, the damage is not sure, the legal system of the blank. At the same time, based on the existing legal system, this article envisages the measures to remedy the environmental stigma damage: focusing on the benefits available in civil law and the restoration of reputation. We will strive to improve on the basis of our existing system and provide relief to environmental stigmatization.