自上世纪人类开始用金相显微镜观察和摄影金属材料的显微组织以来,有关孔径光圈(或光阑)对形像质量的影响似乎已有定论。至今广泛流行的见解是:随光圈的缩小,虽然使景深增大,透镜的光学缺陷减少,显微镜中的内耀减弱,但是,过分地缩小光圈因光线生产干涉或绕射现象会引起影像不清晰,并使显微镜的鉴别率变小,影像的 The effects of aperture apertures (or stops) on the image quality seem to have come to a conclusion since humankind began to observe and photograph the microstructure of metallic materials with a metallographic microscope in the last century. The prevailing wisdom so far is that with the reduction of the aperture, although the depth of field is increased, the optical defects of the lens are reduced and the inner brightness of the microscope is weakened. However, excessive reduction of the aperture due to light interference or diffraction can cause image blurring , And make the identification rate of the microscope smaller, the image