With the advancement of modern linguistics, an increasing number of linguists commence on engaging in the comparative study between English and Chinese on the basis of phonology. As a result, this paper explains what phonology is, and makes a con?trast between English and Chinese from the phonological components, including syllable,tone and intonation,rhythm,stress and pho?neme, which intends to give English learners a clear and full understanding of differences between English and Chinese and eventu?ally to enlighten them to master English.