前言 随着农牧业生产的不断发展,一方面对于水的需要量在不断提高,因此在地面水不足的地区需要开发利用地下水;另一方面在地下水位过高的盐碱沼泽地区则要排出多余的地下水,以改良土壤,而排出的地下水能否再被利用,则取决于水质的好坏。总之,遇到的一个共同问题就是水质评价。为了作好水质评价工作,必须首先将地下水按化学成分加以分类,在分类的基础上,研究其区域规律,然后才能正确地进行评价。总之,化学分类是水质评价的基础,水质评价是化学分类的目的。 近几年来,我区不少农业和水利部门取了数以万计的水样,进行了化学分析;在整编分析资料的工作中都遇到了化学分类和水质评价的问题,希望得到有关资料以作为工作中的参考。为此,笔者在教学之余查阅了大量资料,将有关地下水的化学分类与水质评价材料作了专题整理分析,期望能为我区的农牧业和水利事业作出微薄的贡献。为了便于广大的农牧业和水利科技工作者掌握地下水化学分类与水质评价的方法,笔者在介绍每种方法的同时都列举了实例,以说明方法的具体运用。本文第一部分介绍地下水的化学分类,第二部分介绍地下水 Preface With the continuous development of agriculture and animal husbandry, on the one hand, the demand for water is on the rise, so groundwater needs to be exploited and exploited in areas with low surface water; on the other hand, excess salinity and marsh areas with excessively high groundwater levels have to discharge excess Of groundwater to improve the soil, and whether the discharged groundwater can be used again depends on the quality of the water. In short, one of the common problems encountered is water quality evaluation. In order to make the water quality evaluation work, we must first classify the groundwater according to the chemical composition, and on the basis of the classification, study the regional laws before we can evaluate it correctly. In short, chemical classification is the basis of water quality evaluation, water quality evaluation is the purpose of chemical classification. In recent years, many agricultural and water conservancy departments in our region have taken tens of thousands of water samples for chemical analysis; in the process of reorganizing and analyzing data, they have encountered the problems of chemical classification and water quality evaluation, and hopefully, As a reference in work. Therefore, the author consulted a lot of information while teaching, made a special analysis on the chemical classification and water quality evaluation materials of groundwater, and hoped to make a modest contribution to agriculture, animal husbandry and water conservancy in our district. In order to facilitate the majority of farmers and herdsmen and water conservancy science and technology workers to master the method of groundwater chemical classification and water quality evaluation, the author introduces each method at the same time enumerated examples to illustrate the specific use of the method. The first part of this article introduces the chemical classification of groundwater and the second part introduces groundwater