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目的了解吉首市人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染现状,评价乙肝疫苗免疫策略的效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,对吉首市1 078名1~59岁人群血清,用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)、乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝核心抗体(抗-HBc),比较不同年龄、性别人群指标变化。结果吉首市2013年1~59岁人群HBs Ag阳性率、抗-HBs阳性率、抗-HBc阳性率和HBV感染率经标化后分别为6.14%、54.6%、11.68%和12%。1~14岁人群HBs Ag阳性率和HBV感染率明显低于15~59岁人群。HBs Ag阳性率和HBV感染率男性高于女性。结论吉首市为乙肝中流行区;乙肝疫苗纳入儿童免疫策略效果显著;要进一步加强对20~59岁组青壮年人群的乙肝干预措施。
Objective To understand the status of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Jishou City and to evaluate the effect of Hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy. Methods A total of 1 078 serum samples from 1 to 59 years old in Jishou City were detected by multi-stage random sampling method. HBs Ag, HBsAg and anti-HBs were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Core antibody (anti-HBc), comparing different age, gender changes in population indicators. Results The positive rate of HBsAg, the positive rate of anti-HBs, the positive rate of anti-HBc and the rate of HBV infection were 6.14%, 54.6%, 11.68% and 12% respectively in Jishou City from 2013 to 59 years old. The positive rates of HBsAg and HBV infection in 1-14-year-olds were significantly lower than those in 15- 59 years old. The positive rate of HBs Ag and the rate of HBV infection were higher in males than in females. Conclusion Jishou City is a endemic area of hepatitis B; hepatitis B vaccine has a significant effect on children’s immunization strategy; and hepatitis B interventions should be further strengthened for young adults aged 20 to 59 years.