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句法形式与语义的不对应现象是日语句法系统研究的重要内容之一,对二者关系的探讨可以揭示认知方式与日语的表达形式之间的关系。本文以「大水が家屋を押し流した。」(洪水冲走了房屋。)这种以非生物名词做主语并使用及物动词的句式为例,分析并阐释了日语非生物主语句的成立机制。从主语语义特征的角度论证了日语句式从典型的生物主语+及物动词句向非生物主语+及物动词句的延展是基于“主语通过使用自身能量使受事发生某种变化”的语义动因。
The phenomenon of syntactic form and semantic incompatibility is one of the important contents in the study of Japanese syntactic system. The discussion of the relationship between the two can reveal the relationship between cognitive mode and Japanese expression. In this paper, “Dashiji House 押 し 流 し ta.” (Flood washed away the house.) This non-biological terms and the use of transitive verb sentence as an example, analysis and interpretation of the establishment of Japanese non-biological subject sentence mechanism. From the perspective of the semantic features of the subject, this paper argues that the extension of the Japanese sentence pattern from the typical biological subject + material verb to the absurdity + material verb is based on the fact that the subject makes some changes in the affair by using its own energy. The semantic motivation.