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隐匿性HBV感染是指血清HBsAg阴性,但血清和或肝组织HBV DNA持续阳性者。多方面证据表明隐匿性HBV感染客观存在,并且具有传染性和致病性,在肝脏疾病病因学诊断、献血安全和器官移植接受者的HBV感染等方面均具有重要意义。不同人群隐匿性乙型肝炎的感染率有较大差异,它能否导致肝硬化和肝癌也有争议。由于发生机制仍然不明,可能与基因变异、HBV低水平复制、基因整合、HBsAg的表达和分泌被抑制等有关。隐匿性HBV感染的流行病学、发生机制、致病机制等仍然有待进一步研究。
Occult HBV infection is defined as serum HBsAg negative, but persistently positive in serum and / or liver tissue with HBV DNA. There are many evidences that objective occult HBV infection exists objectively and is infectious and pathogenic. It is of great significance in the diagnosis of liver disease, the safety of blood donation and HBV infection in recipients of organ transplantation. The prevalence of occult hepatitis B in different populations is quite different, and whether it can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer is also controversial. As the mechanism remains unclear, it may be related to gene mutation, low level HBV replication, gene integration, inhibition of HBsAg expression and secretion. The epidemiology, pathogenesis and pathogenesis of occult HBV infection remain to be further studied.