一、流派综论 “山药蛋”是否构成一个小说流派的问题曾经引起过普遍的争论。今天对这个问题的看法已基本趋于一致,即将“山药蛋”视为一个小说流派并将其放到现当代小说的发展演变中能见到其独特的意义,这似乎已经得到了普遍的认可。但是当初围绕它的争论实际上反映出我们在“流派”这一理论问题上的认识混乱和观念的错杂,以致于这一情况在今天依然影响到我们在这一领域中出现的撞车现象。所以为了阐述自己的想法,往往不得不从分歧的焦点入手,从梳理和阐释走到自己的思考中去。 一种否定性观点认为1942年特别是建国后我们的文学就是一个统一的流派,即社会主义现实主义创作方法和社会主义的内容与民族的形式相统一的文学。“山药蛋”只能属于其中而不能“另立”一派。这种观点的错误在于将文学主潮——现实主义文学主潮等同 First, the genre comprehensive “yam egg” constitutes a genre of novels has aroused widespread controversy. Today’s opinion on this issue has basically converged. It seems that the concept of “Yam Egg” is regarded as a genre of novels and its unique meaning can be seen in the development and evolution of modern and contemporary novels, which seems to have gained universal acceptance . But the original controversy surrounding it actually reflected our confusion and misunderstanding on the theoretical issue of “genre”, so that this situation still affects the collision that has occurred in this field today. Therefore, in order to elaborate my own ideas, I often have to start from the focus of disagreement and go from thinking and explaining my interpretation. A negative view holds that in 1942, especially after the founding of our nation, our literature was a unified school of thought, that is, a method of creating socialist realism and integrating the contents of socialism with the forms of the nation. “Yam Egg” can only belong to them and can not “separate” faction. The mistake of this view lies in the fact that the main trend of literature - the mainstream of realistic literature is the same