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延长退休年龄是近期的社会热点问题,虽然改革方向已经确定,但存在巨大争议。目前,女性按照干部和工人不同分为两种退休年龄,但均低于男性。社会上存在延长女性退休年龄,与男性拉平的呼声。国家已出台政策,把机关事业单位县处级女干部和具有高级职称的女性专业技术人员退休年龄延长至60岁。同时,社会上也存在反对拉平男女退休年龄的声音。为什么存在这种分歧?拉平男女退休年龄是对女性的保护吗?为什么是处级女干部和高级专业技术人员率先拉平了男女退休年龄?本文利用2012年某市企业薪酬调查数据,从不同群体在职各年龄段收入变化情况对上述问题进行分析。研究发现,企业中担任管理和专业技术职务的女性、高学历女性,随年龄增长收入增长较快,而普通工人和低学历女性,随年龄增长收入基本没有增长,不同群体女性各年龄段收入变化差异对拉平男女退休年龄问题有重要的影响。在制定延长退休年龄的社会政策时,特别是在拉平男女退休年龄时,应在充分的理论和实证研究基础上,对此问题进行认真的考量。
To extend the retirement age is a recent social hot issue. Although the direction of the reform has been determined, there is still a huge dispute. At present, women are divided into two retirement age groups according to the difference of cadres and workers, but both are lower than that of men. In society, there is a call to extend the retirement age of women and to lean to men. The state has promulgated policies to extend the retirement age of women cadres at county level and government agencies and female professional and technical personnel with senior professional titles to 60. At the same time, there are voices in society that oppose the lifting of the retirement age for both men and women. Why is there such a difference? To flatten the retirement age of men and women is the protection of women? Why is the level of women cadres and senior professional and technical personnel took the lead in leveling the retirement age of men and women? This paper uses a city in 2012 pay survey data from different groups of active The income changes of all ages analyze the above problems. The study found that the number of female and highly educated women holding managerial and professional technical positions in enterprises increased rapidly with age, whereas that of ordinary workers and low-educated women showed no increase with age, and the income of women in different age groups varied in different age groups Differences have important implications for smoothing the retirement age of men and women. When formulating social policies that extend the retirement age, especially when it comes to the retirement age of men and women, we should seriously consider this issue on the basis of sufficient theoretical and empirical research.