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目的了解2005年-2010年大连西岗区出生缺陷的临床类型和产前超生检查情况,分析原因,寻找干预措施,以降低围产儿死亡率及出生缺陷发生率。方法对西岗区2所助产机构2005年-2010年出生及缺陷监测情况进行分析。结果监测的出生数9886例(包括所有孕周),筛查畸形(孕始到产后7天)125例,发病率为126.44/万,产前超声诊断55例,检出率45.6%,28w前检出32例,占产前检出的58.18%。畸形的前5位顺位为先心病、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水、唇腭裂(包括唇裂、腭裂)、并指(趾)。结论大连市自2005年开展产前B超诊断工作,对孕28w前发现的严重先天畸形及时采取终止妊娠措施,使28w前终止妊娠前后出生缺陷发生率发生大幅下降。建议:大力提高群众预防出生缺陷的意识和能力,进行健康教育;重点高危人群进行监测指导,做好优生咨询:规范产前筛查,保证每位孕产妇都能在孕20w左右接受筛查,阳性病例争取在28w明确诊断并妥善处理,提高医护人员诊断水平,稳定监测队伍。
Objective To understand the clinical types and prenatal diagnosis of birth defects in Xigang District of Dalian from 2005 to 2010, analyze the causes and find interventions to reduce the incidence of perinatal mortality and birth defects. Methods To analyze the birth and defect monitoring of 2 midwifery institutions in Xigang District from 2005 to 2010. Results The number of births monitored in 9886 cases (including all gestational weeks) and 125 cases of deformity (7 days after pregnancy) were 126.44 / births. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis was performed in 55 cases with a detection rate of 45.6%. Before 28 weeks 32 cases were detected, accounting for 58.18% of prenatal detected. The first 5 orders of deformities are congenital heart disease, multiple fingers (toes), congenital hydrocephalus, cleft lip and palate (including cleft lip and cleft palate), and fingers (toes). Conclusions Since 2005, prenatal diagnosis of B-ultrasonography has been carried out in Dalian City. The timely termination of pregnancy was found in severe congenital malformations detected before 28 weeks of pregnancy. The incidence of birth defects before and after the termination of pregnancy before 28w dropped significantly. Suggestions: vigorously raise the public awareness and ability to prevent birth defects, health education; monitoring and guidance of key high-risk groups, good prenatal counseling: standardized prenatal screening to ensure that every pregnant woman can be screening around 20w pregnant, Positive cases for 28w clear diagnosis and proper treatment, improve the diagnostic level of medical staff, stable monitoring team.