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目的了解湖北省血吸虫病确诊病例分布情况及流行特点,为推进防治工作提供科学依据和技术保障。方法对2010-2014年湖北省血吸虫病确诊病例进行回顾性流行病学调查,分析其流行特点和主要影响因素。结果2010-2014年湖北省共调查血吸虫病确诊病例10 102例。当年本地感染病人1 062例,占10.51%,其中重复感染354例,新感染17例;当年外地感染病人290例,占2.87%,其中重复感染206例,新感染84例;历史遗留病人8 750例,其中漏查病人2 229例,占22.06%,漏治病人570例,占5.64%,治疗不规范未愈病人3 640例,占36.03%,药物疗效不佳未愈病人2 311例,占22.88%。以2014年确诊病例为对象进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果表明,对于漏查,年龄、文化程度、卫生改厕为危险因素(b>0,OR>1),既往治疗次数、本组饲养耕牛及居住地周围钉螺为保护因素(b<0,OR<1);对于漏治,年龄、文化程度、居住地周围钉螺为危险因素(b>0,OR>1);对于治疗不规范,职业、居住地周围钉螺为危险因素(b>0,OR>1),文化程度、自家地周围钉螺为保护因素(b<0,OR<1)。结论血吸虫病确诊病例流行病学调查能掌握流行因素,有利于进行精细化管理,促进开展科学防治。
Objective To understand the distribution and prevalence of schistosomiasis confirmed cases in Hubei Province and provide scientific basis and technical support for the prevention and control work. Methods A retrospective epidemiological investigation of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014 was conducted to analyze its epidemiological characteristics and main influential factors. Results A total of 10 102 confirmed cases of schistosomiasis were surveyed in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014. There were 1 062 cases of locally infected patients accounting for 10.51% of the total cases, of which 354 cases were repeated infections and 17 cases were newly infected. In the same year, 290 cases were infected by the field, accounting for 2.87% of them, including 206 cases of repeated infections and 84 cases of new infections. Among them, 2 229 cases were missed, accounting for 22.06%; 570 cases were missed, accounting for 5.64%; 3 640 cases were unhealed, accounting for 36.03%; 2 311 cases were unhealed, Accounting for 22.88%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the 2014 confirmed cases showed that the risk factors (b> 0, OR> 1), the number of previous treatments, the number of missed tillage, age, educational level, (B <0, OR <1); Survival index (b> 0, OR> 1) of the snail around the place of residence, age, educational level and living habitat; for the non-standard treatment, Surrounding snails in occupations and residences were risk factors (b> 0, OR> 1), educational level, and snail around the homeland as protective factors (b <0, OR <1). Conclusion Epidemiological investigation of schistosomiasis cases can catch the epidemic factors, which is conducive to the fine management and promote the scientific prevention and treatment.