目的　分析接种乙型肝炎疫苗的人群中 ,不能产生良好的免疫应答反应的群体主要组织相容性复合体 (HLA)基因单体型 ,为乙型肝炎疫苗免疫不应答遗传机制的破译提供有意义的结果。方法　以来自广西壮族自治区的样本 10 7例为研究对象 ,通过PCR扩增和电泳对样本个体进行HLA DR、DQ区域的DNA分型 ,并对不应答家系的个体进行初步HLA DR、DQ单体型别的确定。通过相对危险性估计、关联分析、连锁不平衡检测等统计学分析模式对不 /弱应答群体与强应答群体HLA分型结果进行统计分析。结果　中国人中与乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种不应答密切相关的HLA单体型为 :HLA DRB1 0 4 0 1 2 2 ,112 2 DRB4 0 10 110 1,0 10 2 / 3 DQB1 0 4 ,即HLA DR4 ,112 2 DR5 3 DQB4。结论乙型肝炎疫苗免疫不应答与特异的HLA等位基因单体型密切相关。 Objective To analyze the haplotypes of major histocompatibility complex (HLA) haplotypes in populations vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine that do not produce a good immune response, and to provide meaningful information for deciphering the genetic mechanism of immune non-response of hepatitis B vaccines the result of. Methods A total of 107 samples from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were used as samples. DNA samples of HLA DR and DQ regions were genotyped by PCR amplification and electrophoresis. Individuals who did not respond to the pedigree were subjected to primary HLA DR and DQ monomer Type of determination. Through statistical analysis of relative risk assessment, correlation analysis, linkage disequilibrium detection and other statistical analysis patterns, the HLA typing results of non-weak response and strong response were statistically analyzed. Results The HLA haplotypes that are not closely related to the non-response to hepatitis B vaccine immunization in China are: HLA DRB1 0 4 0 1 2 2, 112 2 DRB4 0 10 110 1,0 10 2/3 DQB1 0 4, ie, HLA DR4, 112 2 DR5 3 DQB4. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine immune response and specific HLA allele haplotype closely related.