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小鼠的小肠上皮定植着大量TCRαβ+CD8αα+上皮间淋巴细胞(IELs),该群细胞离开胸腺后直接定植于肠道上皮.肠道中的多种细胞因子、营养素、抗原等能直接作用于该群细胞,调节其表型、分化及功能.另外,其还能通过细胞膜表面分子与肠上皮细胞发生相互作用,从而维持对肠上皮细胞的免疫耐受状态.近年有研究表明,该群细胞在肠道炎症中主要发挥保护性作用,这为结肠炎等肠道炎症性疾病的治疗提供了新思路.“,”The epithelium of the mouse small intestine populated by an abundant TCRαβ + CD8αα + intraepithelial lymphocytes(IELs).After leaving thymus,these cells directly seed the intestinal epithelium.A variety of cytokines,nutrients and antigens act on these cells to regulate its phenotype,differentiation and function in the intestinal.Moreover,it can interact with enterocytes through cell membrane surface molecules,so as to maintain the immunological tolerance of enterocytes.In recent years,researches indicate that these cells mainly play a protective role in the intestinal inflammation,which provides a new way for the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases such as colitis.