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2012年主要有5大因素深刻影响着世界经济:美国经济低迷与经济政策的不确定性、欧元区日益加深的债务危机、中国等新兴经济体增长放缓、石油价格高企和全球粮价上涨。在全球经济形势下行的情况下,2012年高油价和高粮价对不同中东国家经济的影响存在着比较明显的差异。由于国际油价高企,中东国家以能源生产及其出口能力分野,大体划分为两种速度、两个世界:在高油价推动大多数石油出口国经济增长、恶化石油进口国财政状况的同时,高粮价则进一步加剧了石油进口国的经济失衡。
There are mainly five major factors affecting the world economy in 2012: the economic downturn in the United States and the uncertainty of economic policies; the deepening debt crisis in the Eurozone; the slowdown in emerging economies such as China; the high oil prices and the rising global food prices. In the context of the global economic downturn, there is a clear difference in the impact of high oil prices and high food prices on the economies of different Middle East countries in 2012. Due to the high international oil prices, the Middle East countries can roughly divide their energy production and their export capacity into two kinds of speeds and two worlds: while high oil prices push the economic growth of most oil-exporting countries and worsen the fiscal status of oil-importing countries, The price is further exacerbating the economic imbalances of oil-importing countries.