在古典日语助动词中,表示判断语气的助动词有很多,但是就表示“推量、推定”意义的助动词来说,主要有按时间分类的“む”系列的“む、らむ、けむ”和按感觉分类的“めり”、“らし”、“なり”两组文语助动词。在阅读古典文学作品时学习者常常混淆这些助动词的用法,难以判断其使用的语境或根据。本文通过例句主要从活用接续、机能和语源等方面对后一组文语助动词“めり”、“らし”、“なり”进行比较分析,揭示其异同及特点。 Among the classical Japanese adverbs, there are many auxiliary verbs that indicate the tone of the judgment. However, for the auxiliary verbs that indicate the meaning of “inference, inference”, there are mainly the “む, ら む, け む ”And by the sense of classification “ plainer ”, “ ら shi ”, “ na ri ”two sets of text auxiliary. When reading classical literature, learners often confuse the usage of these auxiliary verbs and find it difficult to judge the context or basis for their use. This paper mainly analyzes the similarities and differences of characteristics of the latter group of auxiliary verbs such as “め り”, “ら shi shi” and “na り” from the aspects of succession, function and etymology.